Human Glutathione Synthetase ELISA Kit

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

Glutathione Synthetase (GSS) sometimes called GSS line is an enzyme that plays a central role in cellular function by catalyzing the ATP-dependent conversion of gamma-glutamylcysteine and glycine into glutathione. This enzyme has a molecular mass of about 70 kDa and exhibits high expression in the liver and red blood cells. It maintains the necessary cellular levels of glutathione a major antioxidant that protects cells from oxidative stress.

Biological function summary

GSS is responsible for the final step in glutathione biosynthesis. Acting independently GSS operates without forming a larger enzyme complex. Its enzymatic activity ensures adequate production of glutathione which regulates cellular redox homeostasis and detoxification processes. The availability of glutathione is critical for cellular respiration and immunity molecules essential for a well-functioning organism.

Pathways

The activity of GSS integrates into the gamma-glutamyl cycle and the detoxification pathway. It partners indirectly with enzymes like gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase which precedes GSS in the glutathione biosynthesis pathway. This relationship positions GSS as an important element in sustaining normal cellular detoxification processes ensuring the neutralization of reactive oxygen species and maintaining the balance of free radicals.

Associated diseases and disorders

Defects in GSS activity correlate with glutathione synthetase deficiency an autosomal recessive disorder that results in increased oxidative damage and metabolic acidosis. Symptoms range from hemolytic anemia to neurological complications due to impairments in oxidative stress management. The disorder links to proteins involved in antioxidant processes highlighting the importance of GSS in maintaining proper cellular function and disease prevention.