Human HDL ELISA Kit

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

HDL also known as high-density lipoprotein serves an important role in lipid transport. It acts mainly in reverse cholesterol transport a process where HDL picks up cholesterol from peripheral tissues and delivers it back to the liver for excretion. The mass of HDL particles can vary but typically range between 8 to 12 nm in diameter depending on their lipid and protein content. HDL is primarily expressed in the liver and intestines. The principal protein components of HDL include apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) and apolipoprotein A-II (apoA-II) which are essential for HDL's structure and function.

Biological function summary

Our high-density lipoprotein participates in cholesterol efflux a critical step in cholesterol homeostasis preventing cellular cholesterol accumulation. HDL acts as part of a complex with several enzymes and transporter proteins such as lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) and ATP-binding cassette transporters A1 and G1 (ABCA1 ABCG1). These interactions enhance the lipid transport capability enabling HDL to remodel and carry varied cargo including cholesterol and antioxidants. HDL's role in antioxidation and inflammation modulation has been studied extensively highlighting its importance beyond lipid transport.

Pathways

The involvement of high-density lipoprotein is important in the larger cholesterol metabolism and cardiovascular protection pathways. HDL participates in the reverse cholesterol transport pathway linked closely with lipid regulatory proteins like LCAT and cholesterol ester transfer protein (CETP). Furthermore HDL interacts with endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) emphasizing its role in cardiovascular health by maintaining endothelial function. This connection highlights its contribution to reducing the risk of atherosclerosis a pathway critical for vascular health.

Associated diseases and disorders

Links between high-density lipoprotein and cardiovascular diseases like atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease are significant. Low levels of HDL are often associated with increased risk of these conditions. Beyond lipoprotein components proteins like CETP and scavenger receptor BI (SR-BI) have roles in these diseases affecting HDL metabolism and function. Research continues to explore the therapeutic potential of targeting HDL metabolism to mitigate these cardiovascular risks considering its intricate relationship with these proteins and pathways.