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AB46068

Human Perforin ELISA Kit (PRF1)

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(16 Publications)

Human Perforin ELISA Kit (PRF1) is a sandwich ELISA designed to quantify Human Perforin (PRF1) with a sensitivity of 40 pg/mL.

- Colorimetric sandwich ELISA - 450 nm readout - works on any plate reader
- Wide dynamic range - quantifies 62.5 - 2000 pg/mL
- Cited in over 10 publications

View Alternative Names

PFP, PRF1, Perforin-1, P1, Cytolysin, Lymphocyte pore-forming protein

3 Images
ELISA - Human Perforin ELISA Kit (PRF1) (AB46068)
  • ELISA

Lab

ELISA - Human Perforin ELISA Kit (PRF1) (AB46068)

Standard curve with background signal subtracted (duplicates; +/- SD).

ELISA - Human Perforin ELISA Kit (PRF1) (AB46068)
  • ELISA

Lab

ELISA - Human Perforin ELISA Kit (PRF1) (AB46068)

Perforin measured in cell culture supernatants (tested at 1/1-1/100 dilution range; duplicates +/- SD).

Sandwich ELISA - Human Perforin ELISA Kit (PRF1) (AB46068)
  • sELISA

Unknown

Sandwich ELISA - Human Perforin ELISA Kit (PRF1) (AB46068)

Representative standard curve using ab46068

Key facts

Detection method

Colorimetric

Sample types

Cell culture supernatant

Reacts with

Human

Assay type

Sandwich

Results type

Quantitative

Sensitivity

< 40 pg/mL

Range

62.5 - 2000 pg/mL

Assay time

2h 45m

Assay Platform

Microplate

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Reactivity data

{ "title": "Reactivity Data", "filters": { "stats": ["", "Reactivity", "Dilution Info", "Notes"] }, "values": { "sELISA": { "reactivity":"TESTED_AND_REACTS", "dilution-info":"", "notes":"<p></p>" } } }
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Product details

Human Perforin ELISA Kit (PRF1) ab46068 is a sandwich ELISA to measure Human Perforin (PRF1) in cell culture supernatant with a sensitivity of 40 pg/ml.

How the assay works

A monoclonal antibody specific for Perforin has been coated onto the wells of the microtiter strips provided. Samples, including standards of known Perforin concentrations, control specimens or unknowns are pipetted into these wells. During the first incubation, the standards or samples and a biotinylated monoclonal antibody specific for Perforin are simultaneously incubated. After washing, the enzyme Streptavidin-HRP, that binds the biotinylated antibody is added, incubated and washed. A TMB substrate solution is added which acts on the bound enzyme to induce a colored reaction product. The intensity of this colored product is directly proportional to the concentration of Perforin present in the samples.

Assay Specificity

Our ELISA kits are rigorously validated to ensure the highest level of consistency and reproducibility. Please check the protocol booklet for more details

Human Perforin ELISA Kit (PRF1) ab46068 protocol summary

1. Add standard or sample to each well used
2. Add prepared Biotinylated labeled detector antibody. Incubate at room temperature
3. Aspirate and wash each well
4. Add prepared Streptavidin-HRP mix to each well. Incubate at room temperature
5. Aspirate and wash each well.
6. Add the TMB Solution to each well until color develops and then add the Stop Solution
7. Immediately begin recording the color development
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Precision

[ { "reproducibilityType": "Inter", "sample": "Sample A", "replicates": 9, "mean": "580 pg/mL", "standardDeviation": "15", "coefficientOfVariability": "3" }, { "reproducibilityType": "Inter", "sample": "Sample B", "replicates": 9, "mean": "665 pg/mL", "standardDeviation": "31", "coefficientOfVariability": "5" }, { "reproducibilityType": "Inter", "sample": "Sample C", "replicates": 9, "mean": "1004 pg/mL", "standardDeviation": "45", "coefficientOfVariability": "5" }, { "reproducibilityType": "Intra", "sample": "Sample A", "replicates": 8, "mean": "416 pg/mL", "standardDeviation": "20", "coefficientOfVariability": "5" }, { "reproducibilityType": "Intra", "sample": "Sample B", "replicates": 8, "mean": "674 pg/mL", "standardDeviation": "25", "coefficientOfVariability": "4" }, { "reproducibilityType": "Intra", "sample": "Sample C", "replicates": 8, "mean": "984 pg/mL", "standardDeviation": "24", "coefficientOfVariability": "3" } ]
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Recovery

[ { "sample": "Cell culture supernatant", "range": null, "average": "= 71" } ]
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What's included?

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Properties and storage information

Shipped at conditions
Blue Ice
Appropriate short-term storage conditions
+4°C
Appropriate long-term storage conditions
+4°C
Storage information
+4°C
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Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Perforin also referred to as PRF1 is a pore-forming protein that plays an important role in immune response. It appears as a 67-kDa protein and is mainly expressed in cytotoxic T cells and natural killer (NK) cells. The function of perforin involves the formation of transmembrane pores in the membranes of target cells aiding in the delivery of pro-apoptotic molecules. This mechanism is essential for the destruction of virus-infected cells and tumor cells. Techniques like perforin IHC and perforin ELISA are suitable for detecting and quantifying this protein in various samples.
Biological function summary

Perforin helps the immune system respond effectively against infected or malignant cells. It works in conjunction with granzymes forming a complex that perforates target cell membranes allowing granzymes to enter and induce apoptosis. Perforin's role in immune surveillance prevents the propagation of harmful cells within the body. Deficiency or malfunction in perforin can lead to compromised immune function or immune cell dysregulation.

Pathways

Perforin integrates into the cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) and NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity pathways. These pathways include critical interactions with proteins like granzymes and Fas ligand (FasL) which orchestrate the apoptosis of abnormal cells. Through these pathways perforin ensures the body's ability to identify and eliminate threats. The granule exocytosis pathway in particular heavily depends on perforin's activity to execute effective immune responses.

Mutations or defects in perforin are linked to familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (FHL) and some types of cancer. These conditions arise when perforin's ability to function correctly is impaired. For instance in FHL defective perforin hampers the immune cells' ability to kill target cells leading to uncontrolled immune activation. Furthermore in the context of cancer the proper functioning of perforin alongside proteins like granzyme B is critical for the surveillance and elimination of tumor cells.
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Product protocols

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Target data

Pore-forming protein that plays a key role in granzyme-mediated programmed cell death, and in defense against virus-infected or neoplastic cells (PubMed : 20889983, PubMed : 21037563, PubMed : 24558045, PubMed : 9058810, PubMed : 9164947). Plays an important role in killing other cells that are recognized as non-self by the immune system, e.g. in transplant rejection or some forms of autoimmune disease (PubMed : 9058810). Can insert into the membrane of target cells in its calcium-bound form, oligomerize and form large pores (PubMed : 20889983, PubMed : 21037563). Promotes cytolysis and apoptosis of target cells by mediating the passage and uptake of cytotoxic granzymes (PubMed : 20038786, PubMed : 20225066, PubMed : 24558045, PubMed : 32299851). Facilitates the delivery of cationic cargo protein, while anionic or neural proteins are not delivered efficiently (PubMed : 24558045). Perforin pores allow the release of mature caspase-7 (CASP7) into the extracellular milieu (By similarity).
See full target information PRF1
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Publications (16)

Recent publications for all applications. Explore the full list and refine your search

Physiological reports 12:e70137 PubMed39632246

2024

Circ_0089761 accelerates colorectal cancer metastasis and immune escape via miR-27b-3p/PD-L1 axis.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Qizhong Gao,Xiaowei Cheng,Xiang Gao

Cancer immunology research 12:1691-1702 PubMed39189923

2024

CAR T Cells Engineered to Secrete IFNκ Induce Tumor Ferroptosis via an IFNAR/STAT1/ACSL4 Axis.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Yaoxin Gao,Shasha Liu,Yifan Huang,Hui Wang,Yuyu Zhao,Xuyang Cui,Yajing Peng,Feng Li,Yi Zhang

Journal of extracellular biology 3:e166 PubMed39022723

2024

Evaluation of resazurin phenoxazine dye as a highly sensitive cell viability potency assay for natural killer cell-derived extracellular vesicle-based cancer biotherapeutics.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Frederic St-Denis-Bissonnette,Shirley Qiu,Sarah E Cummings,Melanie Kirkby,Yohannes Haile,Sarah Wassmer,Gauri Muradia,Jelica Mehic,Andrew Stalker,Amit Shrestha,Michele Ardolino,Seung-Hwan Lee,Dylan Burger,Lisheng Wang,Jessie R Lavoie

Cancers 16: PubMed39001429

2024

Define Critical Parameters of Trastuzumab-Mediated ADCC Assays via Assay Optimization Processes, Focusing on the Impact of Cryopreserved Effector Cells on Assay Performance.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Hanjing Peng,Yukinori Endo,Wen Jin Wu

Frontiers in immunology 15:1376096 PubMed38863707

2024

Structural and functional characterization of IgG- and non-IgG-based T-cell-engaging bispecific antibodies.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Nishant Mohan,Safiat Ayinde,Hanjing Peng,Shraboni Dutta,Yi Shen,Vincent M Falkowski,Thomas G Biel,Tongzhong Ju,Wen Jin Wu

Science advances 9:eadj9964 PubMed38134285

2023

Cellular immunity analysis by a modular acoustofluidic platform: CIAMAP.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Ruoyu Zhong,Matthew Sullivan,Neil Upreti,Roy Chen,Agustin De Ganzó,Kaichun Yang,Shujie Yang,Ke Jin,Ye He,Ke Li,Jianping Xia,Zhiteng Ma,Luke P Lee,Tania Konry,Tony Jun Huang

Brazilian journal of medical and biological research = Revista brasileira de pesquisas medicas e biologicas 56:e12997 PubMed38126537

2023

The level of Tim-3+CD8+ T cells can serve as a potential marker for evaluating the severity of acute graft-versus-host disease after haplo-PBSCT.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Nannan Pang,Mingkai Yu,Jianli Xu,Hailong Yuan,Gang Chen,Dong Wang,Chunxia Han,Weiguo Wang,Jianbing Ding,Ming Jiang

Nature communications 14:7461 PubMed37985656

2023

Early-to-mid stage idiopathic Parkinson's disease shows enhanced cytotoxicity and differentiation in CD8 T-cells in females.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Christophe M Capelle,Séverine Ciré,Fanny Hedin,Maxime Hansen,Lukas Pavelka,Kamil Grzyb,Dimitrios Kyriakis,Oliver Hunewald,Maria Konstantinou,Dominique Revets,Vera Tslaf,Tainá M Marques,Clarissa P C Gomes,Alexandre Baron,Olivia Domingues,Mario Gomez,Ni Zeng,Fay Betsou,Patrick May,Alexander Skupin,Antonio Cosma,Rudi Balling,Rejko Krüger,Markus Ollert,Feng Q Hefeng

Journal for immunotherapy of cancer 9: PubMed34244307

2021

Combinatorial immunotherapy of N-803 (IL-15 superagonist) and dinutuximab with ex vivo expanded natural killer cells significantly enhances in vitro cytotoxicity against GD2 pediatric solid tumors and in vivo survival of xenografted immunodeficient NSG mice.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Yaya Chu,Gaurav Nayyar,Susiyan Jiang,Jeremy M Rosenblum,Patrick Soon-Shiong,Jeffrey T Safrit,Dean A Lee,Mitchell S Cairo

Cancer immunology research 8:1273-1286 PubMed32847938

2020

An IL6-Adenosine Positive Feedback Loop between CD73 γδTregs and CAFs Promotes Tumor Progression in Human Breast Cancer.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Guoming Hu,Pu Cheng,Jun Pan,Shimin Wang,Qiannan Ding,Zhou Jiang,Lu Cheng,Xuan Shao,Liming Huang,Jian Huang
View all publications
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