Human Thrombin-Antithrombin Complex ELISA Kit (TAT)

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

The Thrombin-Antithrombin Complex also referred to as TAT complex plays a significant mechanical role in regulating blood coagulation. It forms from the interaction of thrombin an enzyme and antithrombin a serpin inhibitor. Thrombin shows an approximate molecular mass of 36 kDa while antithrombin weighs around 58 kDa. This complex is expressed in the liver and circulates in the bloodstream where it helps maintain hemostasis by neutralizing excess thrombin preventing unwanted clotting events.

Biological function summary

The complex participates in the regulation of the coagulation cascade. It functions as an essential inhibitor forming part of a larger set of interactions that ensure blood coagulation occurs correctly. As a result it plays a role in maintaining the balance between coagulation and anticoagulation reducing the risk of thrombotic conditions. The TAT complex can be detected using specific kits like TAT kits which measure its levels important for understanding coagulation status in conditions using both human and mouse models.

Pathways

The thrombin-antithrombin complex is integrally involved in the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of the coagulation cascade. It serves as a feedback mechanism to control and limit thrombin activity. The balance it provides is important to the effective regulation of fibrin formation working alongside proteins such as fibrinogen and factor Xa. Antithrombin in particular requires heparin or heparin-like molecules to enhance its inhibitory effects on thrombin ensuring precise modulation of coagulation.

Associated diseases and disorders

Thrombin-antithrombin complex levels correlate with various thrombotic and hemorrhagic disorders. Elevated levels often indicate ongoing activation of the coagulation system seen in conditions like deep vein thrombosis and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). These elevated levels can result from increased thrombin generation and antithrombin consumption. The complex's interaction with proteins like factor V and fibrin is pertinent in the pathology of these disorders making it a valuable marker in diagnosis and monitoring therapeutic responses.