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AB277392

Human TLR4 ELISA Kit

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Human TLR4 ELISA Kit is a Sandwich ELISA for the measurement of Human TLR4 in Human in Biofluids, Cell Culture Media samples.

View Alternative Names

CD284, Toll-like receptor 4, hToll, TLR4

1 Images
ELISA - Human TLR4 ELISA Kit (AB277392)
  • ELISA

Supplier Data

ELISA - Human TLR4 ELISA Kit (AB277392)

These standard curves are for demonstration only. A standard curve must be run with each assay.

Key facts

Detection method

Colorimetric

Sample types

Plasma, Cell culture supernatant, Serum

Reacts with

Human

Assay type

Sandwich

Results type

Quantitative

Sensitivity

= 0.4 ng/well

Range

0.41 - 100 ng/mL

Assay Platform

Pre-coated microplate (12 x 8 well strips)

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Reactivity data

{ "title": "Reactivity Data", "filters": { "stats": ["", "Reactivity", "Dilution Info", "Notes"] }, "values": { "sELISA": { "reactivity":"TESTED_AND_REACTS", "dilution-info":"", "notes":"<p></p>" } } }
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Product details

Human TLR4 ELISA Kit (ab277392) is an in-vitro enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the quantitative measurement of Human TLR4 in serum (human TLR4 concentration is low in normal serum and plasma samples, and may not be detectable in this assay), plasma and cell culture supernatants.

This assay employs an antibody specific for Human TLR4 coated on a 96-well plate. Standards and samples are pipetted into the wells and Human TLR4 present in a sample is bound to the wells by the immobilized antibody. The wells are washed, and biotinylated anti-Human TLR4 antibody is added. After washing away unbound biotinylated antibody, HRP-conjugated streptavidin is pipetted to the wells. The wells are again washed, a TMB substrate solution is added to the wells and color develops in proportion to the amount of Human TLR4 bound. The Stop Solution changes the color from blue to yellow, and the intensity of the color is measured at 450 nm.

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Precision

[ { "reproducibilityType": "Inter", "sample": "Overall", "replicates": 0, "mean": null, "standardDeviation": null, "coefficientOfVariability": "< 12" }, { "reproducibilityType": "Intra", "sample": "Overall", "replicates": 0, "mean": null, "standardDeviation": null, "coefficientOfVariability": "< 10" } ]
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Recovery

[ { "sample": "Serum", "range": "87 - 121 %", "average": "= 103.8" }, { "sample": "Plasma", "range": "68 - 109 %", "average": "= 91.18" }, { "sample": "Cell culture media", "range": "107 - 122 %", "average": "= 113.1" } ]
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What's included?

{ "values": { "1x96Tests": { "sellingSize": "1 x 96 Tests", "publicAssetCode":"ab277392-1x96Tests", "assetComponentDetails": [ { "size":"1 x 15 mL", "name":"5X Assay Diluent", "number":"AB277392-CMP05", "productcode":"" }, { "size":"1 x 25 mL", "name":"20X Wash Buffer", "number":"AB277392-CMP02", "productcode":"" }, { "size":"1 x 8 mL", "name":"Stop Solution", "number":"AB277392-CMP06", "productcode":"" }, { "size":"1 x 1 Unit", "name":"Anti-Human TLR4 coated Microplate", "number":"AB277392-CMP01", "productcode":"" }, { "size":"1 x 200 µL", "name":"300X HRP-Streptavidin Concentrate", "number":"AB277392-CMP03", "productcode":"" }, { "size":"2 x 1 Vial", "name":"Biotinylated Anti-Human TLR4 Antibody", "number":"AB277392-CMP08", "productcode":"" }, { "size":"1 x 12 mL", "name":"TMB One-Step Substrate Reagent", "number":"AB277392-CMP07", "productcode":"" }, { "size":"2 x 1 Vial", "name":"Human TLR4 standard protein (Lyophilized)", "number":"AB277392-CMP04", "productcode":"" } ] } } }
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Properties and storage information

Shipped at conditions
Blue Ice
Appropriate short-term storage conditions
-20°C
Appropriate long-term storage conditions
-20°C
Storage information
-20°C
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Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is a membrane protein involved in the innate immune response. It serves as a receptor that recognizes pathogen-associated molecular patterns such as lipopolysaccharides from bacterial cell walls. Often referred to by its alternate names TLR-2 and CD284 this protein has a molecular weight of approximately 95 kDa. TLR4 is mainly expressed on the surface of immune cells like macrophages and dendritic cells enabling these cells to detect and respond to microbial invaders effectively.
Biological function summary

TLR4 plays an important role in activating the immune system. It forms a complex with myeloid differentiation factor 2 (MD-2) to facilitate binding to its ligands. Upon activation TLR4 triggers a signaling cascade that leads to the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and interferons which are important for initiating the immune response. This early detection mechanism alerts the immune system to the presence of pathogens allowing the body to mount a defense.

Pathways

TLR4 participates in the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways. These pathways are central to the inflammatory response with TLR4 acting as a sensor that activates downstream components like the MyD88 and TRIF proteins. These interactions result in the expression of genes that produce cytokines and enzymes involved in inflammation and immunity.

TLR4 has been implicated in the development of sepsis and atherosclerosis. In sepsis TLR4 recognizes lipopolysaccharides from bacterial infections which can cause excessive inflammation if uncontrolled. In atherosclerosis TLR4 receptors on vascular cells respond to endogenous ligands such as oxidized low-density lipoproteins contributing to plaque formation. The TLR4 interaction with proteins like CD14 and MD-2 is significant as it influences the inflammatory pathways that exacerbate these conditions.
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Product protocols

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Target data

Transmembrane receptor that functions as a pattern recognition receptor recognizing pathogen- and damage-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs and DAMPs) to induce innate immune responses via downstream signaling pathways (PubMed : 10835634, PubMed : 15809303, PubMed : 16622205, PubMed : 17292937, PubMed : 17478729, PubMed : 20037584, PubMed : 20711192, PubMed : 23880187, PubMed : 27022195, PubMed : 29038465, PubMed : 17803912, PubMed : 15852007). At the plasma membrane, cooperates with LY96 to mediate the innate immune response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (PubMed : 27022195). Also involved in LPS-independent inflammatory responses triggered by free fatty acids, such as palmitate, and Ni(2+) (PubMed : 20711192). Mechanistically, acts via MYD88, TIRAP and TRAF6, leading to NF-kappa-B activation, cytokine secretion and the inflammatory response (PubMed : 10835634, PubMed : 21393102, PubMed : 27022195, PubMed : 36945827, PubMed : 9237759). Alternatively, CD14-mediated TLR4 internalization via endocytosis is associated with the initiation of a MYD88-independent signaling via the TICAM1-TBK1-IRF3 axis leading to type I interferon production (PubMed : 14517278). In addition to the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, initiates the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and formation of a positive feedback loop between autophagy and NF-kappa-B signaling cascade (PubMed : 32894580). In complex with TLR6, promotes inflammation in monocytes/macrophages by associating with TLR6 and the receptor CD86 (PubMed : 23880187). Upon ligand binding, such as oxLDL or amyloid-beta 42, the TLR4 : TLR6 complex is internalized and triggers inflammatory response, leading to NF-kappa-B-dependent production of CXCL1, CXCL2 and CCL9 cytokines, via MYD88 signaling pathway, and CCL5 cytokine, via TICAM1 signaling pathway (PubMed : 23880187). In myeloid dendritic cells, vesicular stomatitis virus glycoprotein G but not LPS promotes the activation of IRF7, leading to type I IFN production in a CD14-dependent manner (PubMed : 15265881, PubMed : 23880187). Required for the migration-promoting effects of ZG16B/PAUF on pancreatic cancer cells.
See full target information TLR4
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