Phospho-S6K1 (T421/S424) ELISA Kit

Target data

Serine/threonine-protein kinase that acts downstream of mTOR signaling in response to growth factors and nutrients to promote cell proliferation, cell growth and cell cycle progression (PubMed : 11500364, PubMed : 12801526, PubMed : 14673156, PubMed : 15071500, PubMed : 15341740, PubMed : 16286006, PubMed : 17052453, PubMed : 17053147, PubMed : 17936702, PubMed : 18952604, PubMed : 19085255, PubMed : 19720745, PubMed : 19935711, PubMed : 19995915, PubMed : 22017876, PubMed : 23429703, PubMed : 28178239). Regulates protein synthesis through phosphorylation of EIF4B, RPS6 and EEF2K, and contributes to cell survival by repressing the pro-apoptotic function of BAD (PubMed : 11500364, PubMed : 12801526, PubMed : 14673156, PubMed : 15071500, PubMed : 15341740, PubMed : 16286006, PubMed : 17052453, PubMed : 17053147, PubMed : 17936702, PubMed : 18952604, PubMed : 19085255, PubMed : 19720745, PubMed : 19935711, PubMed : 19995915, PubMed : 22017876, PubMed : 23429703, PubMed : 28178239). Under conditions of nutrient depletion, the inactive form associates with the EIF3 translation initiation complex (PubMed : 16286006). Upon mitogenic stimulation, phosphorylation by the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) leads to dissociation from the EIF3 complex and activation (PubMed : 16286006). The active form then phosphorylates and activates several substrates in the pre-initiation complex, including the EIF2B complex and the cap-binding complex component EIF4B (PubMed : 16286006). Also controls translation initiation by phosphorylating a negative regulator of EIF4A, PDCD4, targeting it for ubiquitination and subsequent proteolysis (PubMed : 17053147). Promotes initiation of the pioneer round of protein synthesis by phosphorylating POLDIP3/SKAR (PubMed : 15341740). In response to IGF1, activates translation elongation by phosphorylating EEF2 kinase (EEF2K), which leads to its inhibition and thus activation of EEF2 (PubMed : 11500364). Also plays a role in feedback regulation of mTORC2 by mTORC1 by phosphorylating RICTOR, resulting in the inhibition of mTORC2 and AKT1 signaling (PubMed : 19720745, PubMed : 19935711, PubMed : 19995915). Also involved in feedback regulation of mTORC1 and mTORC2 by phosphorylating DEPTOR (PubMed : 22017876). Mediates cell survival by phosphorylating the pro-apoptotic protein BAD and suppressing its pro-apoptotic function (By similarity). Phosphorylates mitochondrial URI1 leading to dissociation of a URI1-PPP1CC complex (PubMed : 17936702). The free mitochondrial PPP1CC can then dephosphorylate RPS6KB1 at Thr-412, which is proposed to be a negative feedback mechanism for the RPS6KB1 anti-apoptotic function (PubMed : 17936702). Mediates TNF-alpha-induced insulin resistance by phosphorylating IRS1 at multiple serine residues, resulting in accelerated degradation of IRS1 (PubMed : 18952604). In cells lacking functional TSC1-2 complex, constitutively phosphorylates and inhibits GSK3B (PubMed : 17052453). May be involved in cytoskeletal rearrangement through binding to neurabin (By similarity). Phosphorylates and activates the pyrimidine biosynthesis enzyme CAD, downstream of MTOR (PubMed : 23429703). Following activation by mTORC1, phosphorylates EPRS and thereby plays a key role in fatty acid uptake by adipocytes and also most probably in interferon-gamma-induced translation inhibition (PubMed : 28178239).