Substance P ELISA Kit ab288318 is used to quantify Substance P with a sensitivity of 0.8445 ng/ml.
Competitive ELISA Kit
| Application | Reactivity | Dilution info | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
Application cELISA | Reactivity Reacts | Dilution info - | Notes - |
Tachykinins are active peptides which excite neurons, evoke behavioral responses, are potent vasodilators and secretagogues, and contract (directly or indirectly) many smooth muscles.
NKA, NKNA, TAC2, TAC1, Protachykinin-1, PPT
Substance P ELISA Kit ab288318 is used to quantify Substance P with a sensitivity of 0.8445 ng/ml.
Competitive ELISA Kit
| Sample type | Average % | Range |
|---|---|---|
Sample type Serum | Average % = 97.7 | Range |
Sample type Urine | Average % = 105.8 | Range |
Sample type Saliva | Average % = 108.3 | Range |
Sample type Heparin Plasma | Average % = 109.3 | Range |
Sample type Tissue Culture Media | Average % = 81 | Range |
Abcam's Substance P in vitro competitive ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) kit is designed for the accurate quantitative measurement of Substance P in biological fluids.
A goat anti-rabbit IgG antibody has been precoated onto 96-well plates. Standards or test samples are added to the wells, along with an alkaline phosphatase (AP) conjugated-Substance P antigen and a polyclonal rabbit antibody specific to Substance P. After incubation the excess reagents are washed away. pNpp substrate is added and after a short incubation the enzyme reaction is stopped and the yellow color generated is read at 405 nm. The intensity of the yellow coloration is inversely proportional to the amount of Substance P captured in the plate.
Substance P is a undecapeptide that displays a number of biological activities. The peptide was first discovered in 1931 by von Euler and Gaddum. They reported that extracts of equine brain and intestine contained a hypotensive and spasmogenic factor. The preparation, termed preparation P, was later found to be proteinaceous. The isolation and characterization of Substance P was carried out by Leeman's group in 1970. The structure is shown below.
Substance P: H-Arg-Pro-Lys-Pro-Gln-Gln-Phe-Phe-Gly-Leu-Met-NH2
Substance P is synthesized in the ribosomes as a larger protein and then enzymatically converted into the active peptide. The peptide is widely distributed in the peripheral and central nervous systems of vertebrates, where it is thought to act as a neurotransmitter. In the peripheral system, Substance P is localized in the primary sensory neurons and neurons intrinsic to the gastrointestinal tract.
Cross Reactivity
| Compound | % Cross Reactivity |
| Substance P | 100 |
| Substance P (4-11) | >100 |
| Substance P (7-11) | >100 |
| Substance P (3-11) | 66 |
| Physalaemin | 50 |
| Eledoisin | <0.001 |
| α-Neurokinin | <0.001 |
| β-Neurokinin | <0.001 |
| Somatostatin | <0.001 |
| Substance P (1-4) | <0.001 |
Substance P also known as neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptor agonist is a neuropeptide with molecular mass approximately 1.3 kDa. Substance P exists mainly in the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system. This peptide performs mechanical roles by interacting with its receptor the NK1 receptor which is widespread in neurons and various tissues. It is important for processing pain signals and mood regulation. Substance P belongs to the family of tachykinins which are characterized by the common C-terminal sequence.
This peptide acts as a neurotransmitter and neuromodulator in the body. Its functions are significant in the transmission of pain information into the central nervous system where it acts independently rather than being part of a larger protein complex. Additionally Substance P contributes to the regulation of inflammatory processes which impacts immune response. This peptide is not only important for pain perception but also participates in regulating emotional responses and stress.
Substance P has a major role in the neurokinin signaling pathway. Within this pathway it interacts with other proteins such as calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) enhancing its function in pain transmission and modulation. Additionally Substance P is part of the MAPK/ERK pathway where it influences cell proliferation and survival although its primary actions focus on signaling through the NK1 receptor.
Substance P is connected to conditions such as chronic pain and depression. By interacting with proteins like the NK1 receptor it is implicated in the sensation and perception of pain leading to an increased understanding of chronic pain mechanisms. Substance P also relates to inflammatory diseases with its involvement in pathways that influence inflammation and could serve as targets for therapeutic intervention in disorders like arthritis. Anti-substance therapeutics aim to modulate its effects to treat these conditions.
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