Urinary Prostacyclin ELISA kit

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

Prostacyclin also known as PGI2 is a member of the prostaglandin family and functions primarily as a vasodilator and inhibitor of platelet aggregation. This compound is synthesized by the enzyme prostacyclin synthase which has a molecular weight of approximately 50 kDa. Prostacyclin is expressed in endothelial cells lining the blood vessels and is quickly released upon synthesis to exert its effects on smooth muscle cells and platelets.

Biological function summary

Prostacyclin plays important roles in vascular homeostasis and hemostasis. It works by increasing cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels in the target cells leading to smooth muscle relaxation and reduced platelet activation. It is not a part of a traditional protein complex but its actions are tightly regulated through interactions with its receptor the prostacyclin receptor (IP receptor) on target cells.

Pathways

Prostacyclin is an integral element of the arachidonic acid pathway which is key in inflammation and thrombosis. It is synthesized from prostaglandin H2 (PGH2) by the action of prostacyclin synthase. This pathway also includes other prostaglandins such as thromboxane A2 which counteracts the effects of prostacyclin by promoting platelet aggregation and vasoconstriction. These prostaglandins work in tandem to maintain vascular balance.

Associated diseases and disorders

Prostacyclin is implicated in cardiovascular diseases particularly in the pathophysiology of pulmonary hypertension where its vasodilatory properties are beneficial. Loss of prostacyclin production is observed in conditions such as atherosclerosis leading to increased risk of thrombosis and vessel constriction. Related proteins including thromboxane A2 are often studied alongside prostacyclin to understand the balance between vasodilation and vasoconstriction in cardiovascular health.