Human CD28 Antibody Pair - BSA and Azide free is a kit containing recombinant capture and detector antibodies in a carrier-free formulation for the measurement of Human CD28.
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Key facts
- Assay type
ELISA set
- Reactive species
Human
- Range
7.8 - 1000 pg/mL
Reactivity data
| Application | Reactivity | Dilution info | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
Application sELISA | Reactivity Reacts | Dilution info - | Notes - |
Target data
Function
Involved in T-cell activation, the induction of cell proliferation and cytokine production and promotion of T-cell survival. Enhances the production of IL4 and IL10 in T-cells in conjunction with TCR/CD3 ligation and CD40L costimulation (PubMed:8617933). Isoform 3 enhances CD40L-mediated activation of NF-kappa-B and kinases MAPK8 and PAK2 in T-cells (PubMed:15067037).
Alternative names
T-cell-specific surface glycoprotein CD28, TP44, CD28
What's included?
Recommended products
Human CD28 Antibody Pair - BSA and Azide free is a kit containing recombinant capture and detector antibodies in a carrier-free formulation for the measurement of Human CD28.
Alternative names
T-cell-specific surface glycoprotein CD28, TP44, CD28
Key facts
- Assay type
ELISA set
- Reactive species
Human
- Range
7.8 - 1000 pg/mL
- Assay Platform
Reagents
Storage
- Shipped at conditions
Blue Ice
- Appropriate short-term storage conditions
+4°C
- Appropriate long-term storage conditions
+4°C
- Storage information
+4°C
Notes
- Human CD28 Antibody Pair - BSA and Azide free (ab309555) is a matched pair of unconjugated recombinant rabbit monoclonal capture and detection antibodies used to quantify Human CD28 in sandwich ELISAs and many other pair-based application.
- The pair can be used in variety of assays and platforms including but not limited to:
- - Sandwich ELISA
- - FRET/TR-FRET/HTR
- - Meso Scale Discovery® (MSD®)
- - Luminex® and bead-based assays
- - AlphaLISA®/AlphaScreen®
- - DELFIA® immunoassays
- - Simoa® and Single Molecule Counting (SMC™) immunoassays
- - Multiplex
- Our antibody pairs are supplied in a a carrier-free format that is conjugation-ready:
- - Buffer free of BSA, sodium azide, and glycerol for higher conjugation efficiency.
- - Concentration of ~1 mg/ml as measured by the protein A280 method.
- Use our conjugation kits for antibody conjugates that are ready-to-use in as little as 20 minutes with <1 minute hands-on-time and 100% antibody recovery: available for biotin, HRP, gold, and fluorescent dyes.
- We can label antibodies for you: get in touch today to discuss how we can help accelerate your assay development with custom conjugation service
- Pairs are screened in biological samples, including plasma and serum, to ensure specificity in complex samples.
- Please note:
- The recommended antibody orientation is based on internal optimization in sandwich ELISA. Antibody orientation is assay dependent and needs to be optimized for each assay type.
- The range provided for this antibody pair is based on initial sandwich ELISA validation data using recombinant protein. Performance and range of the antibody pair will depend on the specific characteristics of your assay, including standard protein selection.
- We guarantee the product works in sandwich ELISA, but we do not guarantee the sensitivity or dynamic range of the antibodies in other assays.
- Antibody properties:
- Capture antibody: recombinant rabbit monoclonal (unconjugated) – 100 μg
- Detector antibody: recombinant rabbit monoclonal (unconjugated) - 100 μg
- Concentration: ~1 mg/ml
- Storage buffer: 100% PBS
- Form: Liquid
- Isotype: IgG
- Recombinant monoclonal antibodies offer several advantages including:
- - High batch-to-batch consistency and reproducibility
- - Improved sensitivity and specificity
- - Long-term security of supply
- - Animal-free production
- Our RabMAb® technology is a patented hybridoma-based technology for making rabbit monoclonal antibodies. For details on our patents, please refer to RabMAb® patents.
- Meso Scale Discovery and MSD are registered trademarks of Meso Scale Diagnostics, LLC.
- Luminex is a trademark of Luminex Corporation, registered in the US and other countries.
- AlphaLISA, AlphaScreen, and DELFIA are registered trademarks of PerkinElmer, Inc.
- Simoa is a registered trademark of Quanterix, Inc.
- SMC is a registered trademark of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany.
Supplementary info
- Activity summary
CD28 also known as T-cell-specific surface glycoprotein CD28 or TP44 plays an important role as a co-stimulatory receptor on T cells. This glycoprotein has a molecular mass of about 44 kDa and is located mainly on the cell surface of T cells. CD28 expression also occurs on thymocytes and some B cells. It forms part of the immunoglobulin superfamily featuring in significant antibody interactions. Researchers often use anti-CD28 antibodies for various immunological assays including CD28 ELISA to study its function.
- Biological function summary
CD28 co-stimulates T cells after antigen presentation. It enhances T cell proliferation survival and cytokine production. CD28 functions alongside the T cell receptor (TCR) complex mediating signals that promote full T cell activation. This interaction amplifies the immune response forming an important axis of immune system communication. CD28 interacts with its ligands B7-1 (CD80) and B7-2 (CD86) found on antigen-presenting cells (APCs) illustrating its role in immune system dynamics.
- Pathways
CD28 is integral to the PI3K/Akt and MAPK/ERK signaling pathways. These pathways conduct signals critical for cellular growth and survival linking CD28 to downstream transcription factors. The interaction with another protein CTLA-4 acts as a regulatory balance for CD28 signaling preventing over-activation of T cells. This balance influences immune homeostasis and tolerance providing a framework for understanding costimulatory and inhibitory signaling.
- Associated diseases and disorders
CD28's role becomes evident in autoimmune diseases and transplant rejection. Abnormal CD28 signaling links to rheumatoid arthritis where inappropriate T cell activation occurs. Similarly CD28 activity contributes to organ transplant rejection by stimulating T cell-mediated responses against transplanted tissues. CTLA-4 through regulatory feedback can modify these effects providing therapeutic target strategies for managing such disorders. Efforts to modulate CD28 activity involve developing therapeutic agents such as anti-CD28 monoclonal antibodies.
Product promise
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1 product image
Sandwich ELISA - Human CD28 Antibody Pair - BSA and Azide free (ab309555)
Sandwich ELISA of ab309555 with the capture antibody dilution at 2 μg/mL and detector antibody dilution at 0.5 μg/mL.
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