AB110415

Cytochrome c Apoptosis WB Antibody Cocktail

Name: Cytochrome c Apoptosis WB Antibody Cocktail (ab110415) | Abcam
Brand: Abcam Limited
SKU: AB110415
Price: 600 USD
Availability: InStock

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(14 Publications)

Cytochrome c Apoptosis WB Antibody Cocktail (ab110415) is part of the reagents, controls & accessories range. Abcam offers high-quality biological reagents and tools including antibodies, proteins, assays, cell lines and lysates.

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CYC, CYCS, Cytochrome c

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Western blot - Cytochrome c Apoptosis WB Antibody Cocktail (AB110415)

In this experiment, apoptosis was induced in Jurkat and 143B osteosarcoma cells by FAS and also by treatment with staurosporine (HeLa cells were also treated, but only with STS). Mitochondrial and cytoplasmic fractions were isolated (using kit Cell Fractionation Kit ab109719/MS861) and probed using ab110415 (MSA12). As is clear from the gels, cytochrome c has translocated partially in FAS-induced cells and STS-treated osteosarcoma cells, and almost completely in STS-treated Jurkat and HeLa cells. The three control targets allow for verification of the "cleanness" of the cell fractionation.

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Key facts

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Target

CYCS

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Reacts with

Human

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Reactivity data

{ "title": "Reactivity Data", "filters": { "stats": ["", "Reactivity", "Dilution Info", "Notes"] }, "values": { "WB": { "reactivity":"TESTED_AND_REACTS", "dilution-info":"", "notes":"<p>The antibody cocktail (0.9 mg/ml) should be diluted 250x to a final working concentration of 3.6 µg/ml for Western blotting.</p>" } } }

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Product details

The permeabilization of mitochondrial outer membrane and the subsequent release of cytochrome c and other apoptogenic proteins from mitochondrial intermembrane space into the cytoplasm is considered a hallmark of many apoptotic pathways. Therefore assaying these proteins in mitochondrial and cytoplasmic fractions is of prime interest for many researchers.

ab 110415 (MSA12) is a Western blot antibody cocktail that allows for the detection of cytochrome c in cytoplasmic and mitochondria-containing fractions for determining the proportion of released cytochrome c from mitochondria to the cytoplasm from apoptosis. The kit includes antibodies against a cytoplasmic protein marker, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphodehydrogenase (GAPDH), and 2 mitochondrial markers, pyruvate dehydrogenase subunit E1-alpha (a matrix marker), and ATP synthase subunit alpha (an inner membrane marker). This set of control markers allows for the monitoring and/or optimization of the permeabilization conditions.

Cocktail Antibodies:

Mouse anti Cyt. c monoclonal:
Amount: 50 μg
Working concentration: 1 μg/ml

Mouse anti GAPDH monclonal:
Amount: 5ug
Working concentration: 0.1 μg/ml

Mouse anti PDH-E1-alpha monoclonal:
Amount: 100ug
Working concentration: 2 μg/ml

Mouse anti C-V-alpha monoclonal:
Amount: 25ug
Working concentration: 0.5 μg/ml

This product was previously called ApoTrack™ Cytochrome c Apoptosis WB Antibody Cocktail

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Properties and storage information

Shipped at conditions

Dry Ice

Appropriate short-term storage conditions

Multi

Appropriate long-term storage conditions

Multi

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Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Cytochrome c commonly referred to as 'cyt c' or 'apotrack' is a small heme protein with a molecular mass of around 12 kDa. It gets expressed in the mitochondria of eukaryotic cells. During the process of apoptosis cytochrome c translocates from the mitochondria to the cytoplasm. This movement acts as an important step in the initiation of apoptosis. It's possible to identify this protein through western blot techniques often indicated by 'cyt c WB' or 'cytochrome c western blot'.

Biological function summary

Cytochrome c plays an integral role in both the respiratory chain and the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis. It functions as an electron carrier in the mitochondrial electron transport chain facilitating ATP production. In apoptosis cytochrome c partners with Apaf-1 to form the apoptosome complex. This complex is essential for activating caspase-9 a critical executer of the cell death process. Understanding its presence in these complexes is fundamental for studying programmed cell death mechanisms.

Pathways

Cytochrome c has significant roles within the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. This process involves a series of molecular events leading to programmed cell death. Cytochrome c initiates the activation of the caspase cascade particularly influencing the work of proteins like caspase-3. It also links to the oxidative phosphorylation pathway where cytochrome c facilitates electron transfer between complex III and complex IV critical for ATP synthesis. These interactions highlight cytochrome c's multifaceted function in cellular metabolism and apoptosis.

Cytochrome c's displacement from the mitochondria connects to conditions like cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. Aberrant regulation of apoptosis can lead to uncontrolled cell growth in cancers with cytochrome c's release being a pivotal factor. In neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease mitochondrial dysfunctions and altered apoptosis involving cytochrome c are observed. Additionally cytochrome c's relationship with Bcl-2 family proteins illustrates how it's embedded in the balance of pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic signals influencing disease progression.

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Target data

Electron carrier protein. The oxidized form of the cytochrome c heme group can accept an electron from the heme group of the cytochrome c1 subunit of cytochrome reductase. Cytochrome c then transfers this electron to the cytochrome oxidase complex, the final protein carrier in the mitochondrial electron-transport chain.. Plays a role in apoptosis. Suppression of the anti-apoptotic members or activation of the pro-apoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family leads to altered mitochondrial membrane permeability resulting in release of cytochrome c into the cytosol. Binding of cytochrome c to Apaf-1 triggers the activation of caspase-9, which then accelerates apoptosis by activating other caspases.

See full target information CYCS

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Publications (14)

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Cell death & disease 15:750 PubMed39414773

2024

Venetoclax triggers sublethal apoptotic signaling in venetoclax-resistant acute myeloid leukemia cells and induces vulnerability to PARP inhibition and azacitidine.

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Mahesh Tambe,Sarah Unterberger,Mette C Kriegbaum,Ida Vänttinen,Ezgi June Olgac,Markus Vähä-Koskela,Mika Kontro,Krister Wennerberg,Caroline A Heckman

Cancer science 115:197-210 PubMed37882467

2023

Phospholipid metabolic adaptation promotes survival of IDH2 mutant acute myeloid leukemia cells.

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Tatsuya Morishima,Koichi Takahashi,Desmond Wai Loon Chin,Yuxin Wang,Kenji Tokunaga,Yuichiro Arima,Masao Matsuoka,Toshio Suda,Hitoshi Takizawa

Cells 12: PubMed37408275

2023

Effect of Photobiomodulation on Protein Kinase Cδ, Cytochrome C, and Mitochondria in U87 MG Cells.

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Viktória Pevná,Georges Wagnières,Daniel Jancura,Veronika Huntošová

Cell & bioscience 11:195 PubMed34789336

2021

NME6 is a phosphotransfer-inactive, monomeric NME/NDPK family member and functions in complexes at the interface of mitochondrial inner membrane and matrix.

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Bastien Proust,Martina Radić,Nikolina Škrobot Vidaček,Cécile Cottet,Stéphane Attia,Frédéric Lamarche,Lucija Ačkar,Vlatka Godinić Mikulčić,Malgorzata Tokarska-Schlattner,Helena Ćetković,Uwe Schlattner,Maja Herak Bosnar

International journal of molecular sciences 21: PubMed32235358

2020

The Subcellular Localization and Oligomerization Preferences of NME1/NME2 upon Radiation-Induced DNA Damage.

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Martina Radić,Marko Šoštar,Igor Weber,Helena Ćetković,Neda Slade,Maja Herak Bosnar

Cancer cell 37:104-122.e12 PubMed31935369

2020

Treatment-Induced Tumor Dormancy through YAP-Mediated Transcriptional Reprogramming of the Apoptotic Pathway.

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Kari J Kurppa,Yao Liu,Ciric To,Tinghu Zhang,Mengyang Fan,Amir Vajdi,Erik H Knelson,Yingtian Xie,Klothilda Lim,Paloma Cejas,Andrew Portell,Patrick H Lizotte,Scott B Ficarro,Shuai Li,Ting Chen,Heidi M Haikala,Haiyun Wang,Magda Bahcall,Yang Gao,Sophia Shalhout,Steffen Boettcher,Bo Hee Shin,Tran Thai,Margaret K Wilkens,Michelle L Tillgren,Mierzhati Mushajiang,Man Xu,Jihyun Choi,Arrien A Bertram,Benjamin L Ebert,Rameen Beroukhim,Pratiti Bandopadhayay,Mark M Awad,Prafulla C Gokhale,Paul T Kirschmeier,Jarrod A Marto,Fernando D Camargo,Rizwan Haq,Cloud P Paweletz,Kwok-Kin Wong,David A Barbie,Henry W Long,Nathanael S Gray,Pasi A Jänne

Molecular cancer therapeutics 16:2689-2700 PubMed28802253

2017

The Combination of Metformin and Valproic Acid Induces Synergistic Apoptosis in the Presence of p53 and Androgen Signaling in Prostate Cancer.

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Linh N K Tran,Ganessan Kichenadasse,Lisa M Butler,Margaret M Centenera,Katherine L Morel,Rebecca J Ormsby,Michael Z Michael,Karen M Lower,Pamela J Sykes

Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death 19:1755-68 PubMed25331537

2014

Nanosecond pulsed electric fields modulate the expression of Fas/CD95 death receptor pathway regulators in U937 and Jurkat Cells.

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Larry E Estlack,Caleb C Roth,Gary L Thompson,William A Lambert,Bennett L Ibey

Nature 509:641-4 PubMed24747400

2014

Dichloroacetate prevents restenosis in preclinical animal models of vessel injury.

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Tobias Deuse,Xiaoqin Hua,Dong Wang,Lars Maegdefessel,Joerg Heeren,Ludger Scheja,Juan P Bolaños,Aleksandar Rakovic,Joshua M Spin,Mandy Stubbendorff,Fumiaki Ikeno,Florian Länger,Tanja Zeller,Leonie Schulte-Uentrop,Andrea Stoehr,Ryo Itagaki,Francois Haddad,Thomas Eschenhagen,Stefan Blankenberg,Rainer Kiefmann,Hermann Reichenspurner,Joachim Velden,Christine Klein,Alan Yeung,Robert C Robbins,Philip S Tsao,Sonja Schrepfer

Nature neuroscience 16:1257-65 PubMed23933751

2013

The Parkinson's disease-linked proteins Fbxo7 and Parkin interact to mediate mitophagy.

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Victoria S Burchell,David E Nelson,Alvaro Sanchez-Martinez,Marta Delgado-Camprubi,Rachael M Ivatt,Joe H Pogson,Suzanne J Randle,Selina Wray,Patrick A Lewis,Henry Houlden,Andrey Y Abramov,John Hardy,Nicholas W Wood,Alexander J Whitworth,Heike Laman,Helene Plun-Favreau

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Cytochrome c Apoptosis WB Antibody Cocktail

Western blot - Cytochrome c Apoptosis WB Antibody Cocktail (AB110415)

Key facts

Applications

Target

Reacts with

Reactivity data

Product details

Properties and storage information

Shipped at conditions

Appropriate short-term storage conditions

Appropriate long-term storage conditions

Supplementary information

Biological function summary

Pathways

Product protocols

Target data

Publications (14)

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