Anti-5-methyl cytosine adenosine di-nucleoside (5-mCpA) antibody [2C8H8A6]

Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

5-Methyl cytosine adenosine dinucleoside (5-mCpA) functions mechanically as an epigenetic modification. It constitutes a specific sequence where the cytosine base undergoes methylation forming a methyl group at the 5th carbon position. This modification takes place largely in genomic DNA where cytosine nucleosides occur beside adenosine nucleosides. 5-mCpA commonly appears in various cell types with higher expression regions observed specifically in gene regulatory domains in eukaryotic cells. The mass of 5-mCpA can differ depending on the arranged nucleotide framework containing the methyl group.

Biological function summary

The mechanism involving this dinucleoside affects gene expression regulation. 5-mCpA functions as part of a complex involved in chromatin remodeling. Additionally this complex interacts with other modified nucleotides such as 5-methyl cytosine. Its role is to influence the transcriptional activation or repression of associated genes by altering structural proteins that bind to the chromatin. The presence of these methylated nucleosides including methyl azide-modified versions indicates an important control mechanism in developmental processes and differentiation within organisms.

Pathways

5-mCpA plays an essential part in epigenetic regulation and the DNA methylation pathway. The DNA methylation pathway runs in parallel with histone modification to alter chromatin structure and gene accessibility. Proteins such as DNA methyltransferases are closely related to the formation and maintenance of 5-mCpA within these pathways. The interaction between methylation paths and transcription factors contributes significantly to controlling cell cycle progression and other cellular processes.

Alterations in 5-mCpA levels directly associate with cancer and neurological disorders. Aberrant DNA methylation patterns involving 5-mCpA can contribute to tumorigenesis as seen in certain cancer types where loss of methylation is observed. Similarly neurological conditions like Rett syndrome may relate to disruptions in this methylation process. Proteins like MECP2 which bind specifically to methylated DNA including 5-mCpA are implicated in these disorder pathways indicating a connection between altered epigenetic marks and disease manifestation.