Anti-ABO antibody [EPR6205]

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

The ABO blood group system frequently referred to as ABO is a critical component in determining blood type. It involves the presence of antigens on the surface of red blood cells which are glycosyltransferase enzymes that transfer sugar residues onto the H antigen. The gene responsible for this system is located on chromosome 9 and the variations in the gene produce the A B and O blood types. These glycoproteins and glycolipids confer blood group specificity. ABO is found in the erythrocytic lineage and is an integral part of the blood plasma context.

Biological function summary

The ABO proteins modulate immune response mechanisms. They participate in the formation of specific antigens and antibodies that define the ABO blood group system. These proteins are not part of a larger complex but interact closely with components in the immune system. In individuals the presence or absence of antigen types influences immune activity and the antigen-antibody structure is essential in transfusion medicine.

Pathways

Researchers link the ABO system with several immune response pathways. The system integrates into the complement system and humoral immunity affecting compatibility in blood transfusions. It is indirectly related to proteins in the complement cascade and these interactions facilitate or hinder immune reactions during transfusions and organ transplants. The pathway involvement highlights the system’s significance in cellular communication and immune mobilization.

Associated diseases and disorders

ABO incompatibility can lead to hemolytic disease of the newborn and transfusion reactions. In such contexts the presence of incompatible ABO antigens triggers immune responses resulting in adverse events. It also indirectly connects to diseases like gastric cancer where blood type prevalence indicates varying disease risk profiles. The interaction with proteins such as the Rh factor can exacerbate these conditions showing how ABO status affects susceptibility and symptom severity.