Anti-ACAT2/Acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase antibody [EPR8417]

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

ACAT2 also known as Acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase is an enzyme that plays a role in lipid metabolism catalyzing the conversion of two molecules of acetyl-CoA into acetoacetyl-CoA. It shares functionality with other acetyltransferases such as chloramphenicol acetyltransferase. ACAT2 has a molecular mass of approximately 41 kDa. Expression of ACAT2 is mainly in the liver and the cytosol of cells involved in sterol regulatory processes. It functions as a homotetramer and is essential in maintaining cellular levels of acetyl-CoA and related metabolites.

Biological function summary

This enzyme facilitates the synthesis of cholesterol and ketone bodies essential processes for cellular energy balance. ACAT2 works as an independent enzyme rather than as a component of a multi-enzyme complex unlike some other acetyltransferases. By managing acetyl-CoA levels it supports energy homeostasis and lipogenesis providing substrates for downstream processes that are critical for sustaining cellular function and response to energy demands.

Pathways

The acetyl-transfer reactions catalyzed by ACAT2 are integral to the cholesterol biosynthesis and ketogenesis pathways. These pathways are important for energy balance and lipid modification. Within these pathways ACAT2 acts in close relation with HMG-CoA synthase an important player in cholesterol biosynthesis. The enzyme’s actions provide acetoacetyl-CoA which is a substrate for the production of HMG-CoA highlighting its role in maintaining metabolic flux.

Associated diseases and disorders

ACAT2's role in cholesterol metabolism links it to atherosclerosis and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Disruption in its function can lead to elevated levels of cholesterol and triglycerides risk factors for atherosclerosis. In NAFLD ACAT2 expression may influence lipid accumulation in the liver contributing to disease pathogenesis. Its connection with other proteins like LDL receptor and apolipoprotein B through cholesterol metabolism emphasizes its potential as a therapeutic target for managing lipid-related disorders.