Anti-Acrolein antibody [2H2]

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

Acrolein also known as acraldehyde is a highly reactive aldehyde with a molecular weight of 56.06 g/mol. It is a volatile compound commonly found in the environment resulting from combustion processes and as a metabolite of certain drugs and chemicals. At physiological levels acrolein is present in various tissues and cells primarily within the liver where it is generated through lipid peroxidation. It is noteworthy that acrolein does not typically function as a singular enzyme or protein but regulates through its interaction with cellular components.

Biological function summary

Interactions of acrolein with cellular macromolecules such as proteins and DNA occur due to its electrophilic nature. It readily forms adducts leading to structural changes and potentially harmful effects on cellular mechanisms. While it is not part of a larger complex acrolein's formation of adducts significantly alters protein function and gene expression. This reactivity with biological molecules plays an important role in modulating signaling pathways and cellular responses.

Pathways

Interactions involving acrolein affect oxidative stress and inflammation pathways. The compound modifies important proteins like NF-kappaB a transcription factor involved in the immune and inflammation responses. Acrolein's influence on lipid peroxidation links it to the arachidonic acid pathway where it affects processes like prostaglandin synthesis. Associated proteins in these pathways include COX-2 and LOX which play roles in modulating inflammation.

Associated diseases and disorders

Acrolein's biological interactions have implications in conditions such as cardiovascular disease and cancer. The aldehyde contributes to cardiovascular pathology by damaging endothelial cells and promoting atherosclerosis. Similarly acrolein exposure and its role in DNA damage can facilitate oncogenic processes making it a relevant factor in cancer development. Its connection with proteins like p53 in cancer pathways underlines acrolein's contribution to disease progression and its potential as a target for therapeutic intervention.