Anti-Acyl-coenzyme A Thioesterase 4 antibody

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

Acyl-coenzyme A Thioesterase 4 (ACOT4) also known as Type II acyl-CoA thioesterase is an enzyme involved in the hydrolysis of acyl-CoA thioesters to free fatty acids and CoA. ACOT4 has a molecular mass of approximately 46 kDa. It is expressed primarily in the liver and kidney tissues. This protein plays a role in lipid metabolism by regulating the intracellular levels of acyl-CoA and CoA maintaining a specific balance that is important for cellular function.

Biological function summary

The role of ACOT4 extends to fatty acid metabolism and energy homeostasis. It does not function as part of a multiprotein complex but acts directly by controlling the availability of Coenzyme A derivatives influencing cellular lipid composition. Its activity ensures proper cellular response to metabolic needs for example in situations requiring swift energy adaptations where fatty acids serve as a fuel source. The regulation of acyl-CoA levels by ACOT4 impacts various metabolic pathways by modulating the substrates available for downstream reactions.

Pathways

ACOT4 is significantly involved in the β-oxidation of fatty acids and the peroxisomal lipid metabolism. It operates in conjunction with other enzymes responsible for breaking down long-chain fatty acids particularly in the peroxisomes. ACOT4's actions closely relate to enzymes like acyl-CoA oxidase and 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase which are part of the peroxisomal fatty acid β-oxidation pathway. Through this interaction ACOT4 affects energy production and lipid degradation within the cells.

Associated diseases and disorders

Abnormalities in ACOT4 expression or function have links to metabolic disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. An imbalance in fatty acid metabolism can lead to excessive lipid accumulation or inadequate energy production contributing to these conditions. ACOT4's role intersects with proteins like CPT1A which is involved in the regulation of fatty acid entry into mitochondria. Mutations or dysregulation of ACOT4 may exacerbate symptoms linked to these disorders making it a target of interest in therapeutic strategies.