Anti-ADO antibody [EPR6581]

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

Adenosine deaminase (ADO) also known as ADA is an enzyme that plays an important role in the metabolism of purine. The molecular weight of ADO approximately 41 kDa allows it to facilitate the deamination of adenosine into inosine an essential step in nucleoside metabolism. ADO is expressed in various tissues including the lymphoid tissues and red blood cells where its enzymatic activity is necessary for maintaining cellular homeostasis.

Biological function summary

The activity of adenosine deaminase is significant for the development and function of the immune system. ADO does not act alone but is part of a larger enzymatic framework involved in nucleic acid metabolism. It helps regulate levels of adenosine and other deaminated derivatives and is important in cells where rapid proliferation occurs such as in lymphocytes. ADO interacts with proteins in this metabolic complex to manage the pool of nucleosides available to the cell which influences cell signaling processes.

Pathways

Adenosine deaminase integrates into the purine salvage pathway essential for the recycling and management of purine nucleotides in cellular metabolism. Within this framework ADO interacts with purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) which further processes inosine to hypoxanthine continuing the nucleotide cycle. These processes are necessary for maintaining cellular function and survival especially under conditions that demand rapid cell proliferation or repair.

Associated diseases and disorders

Adenosine deaminase deficiency is linked to severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) a condition that severely impairs the immune system. This deficiency leads to the accumulation of toxic levels of adenosine and deoxyadenosine damaging lymphocytes. The enzyme's connection to diseases also includes interactions with proteins such as RAG1 and RAG2 which are important for lymphocyte development. Additionally overactivity of ADO has implications in chronic inflammatory diseases linking it to pathological conditions where purine metabolism becomes dysregulated.