Rabbit Recombinant Monoclonal C4b antibody - conjugated to Alexa Fluor® 488.
pH: 7.4
Preservative: 0.02% Sodium azide
Constituents: 68% PBS, 30% Glycerol (glycerin, glycerine), 1% BSA
| Application | Reactivity | Dilution info | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
Application Antibody Labelling | Reactivity Expected | Dilution info - | Notes - |
Application Target Binding Affinity | Reactivity Expected | Dilution info - | Notes - |
Non-enzymatic component of the C3 and C5 convertases and thus essential for the propagation of the classical complement pathway. Covalently binds to immunoglobulins and immune complexes and enhances the solubilization of immune aggregates and the clearance of IC through CR1 on erythrocytes. C4A isotype is responsible for effective binding to form amide bonds with immune aggregates or protein antigens, while C4B isotype catalyzes the transacylation of the thioester carbonyl group to form ester bonds with carbohydrate antigens. Derived from proteolytic degradation of complement C4, C4a anaphylatoxin is a mediator of local inflammatory process. It induces the contraction of smooth muscle, increases vascular permeability and causes histamine release from mast cells and basophilic leukocytes.
CO4, CPAMD3, C4B_2, Complement C4-B, Basic complement C4, C3 and PZP-like alpha-2-macroglobulin domain-containing protein 3
Rabbit Recombinant Monoclonal C4b antibody - conjugated to Alexa Fluor® 488.
pH: 7.4
Preservative: 0.02% Sodium azide
Constituents: 68% PBS, 30% Glycerol (glycerin, glycerine), 1% BSA
Our RabMAb® technology is a patented hybridoma-based technology for making rabbit monoclonal antibodies. For details on our patents, please refer to RabMAb® patents.
This product is a recombinant monoclonal antibody, which offers several advantages including:
For more information, read more on recombinant antibodies.
This conjugated primary antibody is released using a quantitative quality control method that evaluates binding affinity post-conjugation and efficiency of antibody labeling.
For suitable applications and species reactivity, please refer to the unconjugated version of this clone. This conjugated antibody is eligible for the Abcam trial program.
Alexa Fluor® is a registered trademark of Molecular Probes, Inc, a Thermo Fisher Scientific Company. The Alexa Fluor® dye included in this product is provided under an intellectual property license from Life Technologies Corporation. As this product contains the Alexa Fluor® dye, the purchase of this product conveys to the buyer the non-transferable right to use the purchased product and components of the product only in research conducted by the buyer (whether the buyer is an academic or for-profit entity). As this product contains the Alexa Fluor® dye the sale of this product is expressly conditioned on the buyer not using the product or its components, or any materials made using the product or its components, in any activity to generate revenue, which may include, but is not limited to use of the product or its components: in manufacturing; (ii) to provide a service, information, or data in return for payment (iii) for therapeutic, diagnostic or prophylactic purposes; or (iv) for resale, regardless of whether they are sold for use in research. For information on purchasing a license to this product for purposes other than research, contact Life Technologies Corporation, 5781 Van Allen Way, Carlsbad, CA 92008 USA or outlicensing@thermofisher.com.
C4d also known as the C4d complement is a degradation product of the complement component C4. It has a molecular weight of approximately 45 kDa. This protein is commonly expressed on the surfaces of endothelial cells in various tissues where it plays a role in the immune response. The presence of C4d on tissues is often detected using techniques like immunohistochemistry (IHC) also referred to as C4d IHC or C4d immunostain providing valuable insights into complement activation.
The C4d protein acts as a marker for complement activation and is part of the larger complement cascade. C4d is primarily associated with the classical pathway and serves as an indicator of complement-mediated cell injury. The degradation of C4 into C4d is usually seen in immune responses where antibodies recognize antigens triggering sequence activation in the complement pathway. C4d's role as a marker facilitates the differentiation between antibody-mediated injury and other types of tissue damage.
This complement protein gets involved in the classical pathway of the complement system which plays a critical role in innate and adaptive immunity. It is related to other proteins like C3 and C1q which are additional components within this pathway. These interactions are significant for the clearance of pathogens and also assist in enhancing the humoral immune response by promoting the deposition of complement on pathogenic surfaces.
C4d presence becomes particularly significant in conditions like transplant rejection and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In transplant rejection its deposition on tissue samples might indicate antibody-mediated rejection where C4d binds to the tissue signaling an immune response against the transplanted organ. Additionally in SLE C4d's relation to other proteins such as C3 and C1q confirms its involvement in autoimmune responses where the immune system mistakenly targets the body's own tissues leading to chronic inflammation and damage.
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We have not tested this specific species and application combination in-house, but expect it will work. It is covered by our product promise.
This species and application combination has not been tested, but we predict it will work based on strong homology. However, this combination is not covered by our product promise.
We do not recommend this combination. It is not covered by our product promise.
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