Mouse Monoclonal PARP1 antibody - conjugated to Alexa Fluor® 488. Suitable for Flow Cyt (Intra), ICC and reacts with Human samples.
Images
![Immunocytochemistry - Alexa Fluor® 488 Anti-Cleaved PARP1 antibody [4B5BD2] (AB170171), expandable thumbnail](https://content.abcam.com/products/images/alexa-fluor-488-cleaved-parp1-antibody-4b5bd2-ab170171--immunocytochemistry-img65331.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/webp-475.webp "Immunocytochemistry - Alexa Fluor® 488 Anti-Cleaved PARP1 antibody [4B5BD2] (AB170171)")
![Flow Cytometry (Intracellular) - Alexa Fluor® 488 Anti-Cleaved PARP1 antibody [4B5BD2] (AB170171), expandable thumbnail](https://content.abcam.com/products/images/alexa-fluor-488-cleaved-parp1-antibody-4b5bd2-ab170171--flow-cytometry-intracellular-img62582.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/webp-475.webp "Flow Cytometry (Intracellular) - Alexa Fluor® 488 Anti-Cleaved PARP1 antibody [4B5BD2] (AB170171)")
Key facts
- Isotype
- IgG1
- Host species
- Mouse
- Conjugation
- Alexa Fluor® 488
- Excitation/Emission
- Ex: 495nm, Em: 519nm
- Storage buffer
Preservative: 0.02% Sodium azide
Constituents: 68% PBS, 30% Glycerol (glycerin, glycerine), 1% BSA- Form
- Liquid
- Clonality
- Monoclonal
Immunogen
- The exact immunogen used to generate this antibody is proprietary information.
Reactivity data
Select an application| Flow Cyt (Intra) | ICC | |
|---|---|---|
| Human | Tested | Tested |
| Mouse | Not recommended | Not recommended |
| Rat | Not recommended | Not recommended |
| Cow | Not recommended | Not recommended |
Flow Cyt (Intra)
TestedTested
| Species | Dilution info | Notes |
|---|---|---|
Species Human | Dilution info 1 µg/mL | Notes ab171463 - Mouse monoclonal IgG1, is suitable for use as an isotype control with this antibody. |
Not recommendedNot recommended
| Species | Dilution info | Notes |
|---|---|---|
Species Mouse | Dilution info - | Notes ab171463 - Mouse monoclonal IgG1, is suitable for use as an isotype control with this antibody. |
Species Rat | Dilution info - | Notes ab171463 - Mouse monoclonal IgG1, is suitable for use as an isotype control with this antibody. |
Species Cow | Dilution info - | Notes ab171463 - Mouse monoclonal IgG1, is suitable for use as an isotype control with this antibody. |
ICC
TestedTested
| Species | Dilution info | Notes |
|---|---|---|
Species Human | Dilution info 1 µg/mL | Notes Use Antigen Retrieval Buffer (100 mM Tris, 5% urea, pH 9.5) at 95°C for 10 min to boost signal. |
Not recommendedNot recommended
| Species | Dilution info | Notes |
|---|---|---|
Species Mouse | Dilution info - | Notes Use Antigen Retrieval Buffer (100 mM Tris, 5% urea, pH 9.5) at 95°C for 10 min to boost signal. |
Species Rat | Dilution info - | Notes Use Antigen Retrieval Buffer (100 mM Tris, 5% urea, pH 9.5) at 95°C for 10 min to boost signal. |
Species Cow | Dilution info - | Notes Use Antigen Retrieval Buffer (100 mM Tris, 5% urea, pH 9.5) at 95°C for 10 min to boost signal. |
Associated Products
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Target data
Function
Poly-ADP-ribosyltransferase that mediates poly-ADP-ribosylation of proteins and plays a key role in DNA repair (PubMed:17177976, PubMed:18055453, PubMed:18172500, PubMed:19344625, PubMed:19661379, PubMed:20388712, PubMed:21680843, PubMed:22582261, PubMed:23230272, PubMed:25043379, PubMed:26344098, PubMed:26626479, PubMed:26626480, PubMed:30104678, PubMed:31796734, PubMed:32028527, PubMed:32241924, PubMed:32358582, PubMed:33186521, PubMed:34465625, PubMed:34737271). Mediates glutamate, aspartate, serine, histidine or tyrosine ADP-ribosylation of proteins: the ADP-D-ribosyl group of NAD(+) is transferred to the acceptor carboxyl group of target residues and further ADP-ribosyl groups are transferred to the 2'-position of the terminal adenosine moiety, building up a polymer with an average chain length of 20-30 units (PubMed:19764761, PubMed:25043379, PubMed:28190768, PubMed:29954836, PubMed:35393539, PubMed:7852410, PubMed:9315851). Serine ADP-ribosylation of proteins constitutes the primary form of ADP-ribosylation of proteins in response to DNA damage (PubMed:33186521, PubMed:34874266). Specificity for the different amino acids is conferred by interacting factors, such as HPF1 and NMNAT1 (PubMed:28190768, PubMed:29954836, PubMed:32028527, PubMed:33186521, PubMed:33589610, PubMed:34625544, PubMed:34874266). Following interaction with HPF1, catalyzes serine ADP-ribosylation of target proteins; HPF1 confers serine specificity by completing the PARP1 active site (PubMed:28190768, PubMed:29954836, PubMed:32028527, PubMed:33186521, PubMed:33589610, PubMed:34625544, PubMed:34874266). Also catalyzes tyrosine ADP-ribosylation of target proteins following interaction with HPF1 (PubMed:29954836, PubMed:30257210). Following interaction with NMNAT1, catalyzes glutamate and aspartate ADP-ribosylation of target proteins; NMNAT1 confers glutamate and aspartate specificity (By similarity). PARP1 initiates the repair of DNA breaks: recognizes and binds DNA breaks within chromatin and recruits HPF1, licensing serine ADP-ribosylation of target proteins, such as histones (H2BS6ADPr and H3S10ADPr), thereby promoting decompaction of chromatin and the recruitment of repair factors leading to the reparation of DNA strand breaks (PubMed:17177976, PubMed:18172500, PubMed:19344625, PubMed:19661379, PubMed:23230272, PubMed:27067600, PubMed:34465625, PubMed:34874266). HPF1 initiates serine ADP-ribosylation but restricts the polymerase activity of PARP1 in order to limit the length of poly-ADP-ribose chains (PubMed:33683197, PubMed:34732825, PubMed:34795260). In addition to base excision repair (BER) pathway, also involved in double-strand breaks (DSBs) repair: together with TIMELESS, accumulates at DNA damage sites and promotes homologous recombination repair by mediating poly-ADP-ribosylation (PubMed:26344098, PubMed:30356214). Mediates the poly-ADP-ribosylation of a number of proteins, including itself, APLF, CHFR, RPA1 and NFAT5 (PubMed:17396150, PubMed:19764761, PubMed:24906880, PubMed:34049076). In addition to proteins, also able to ADP-ribosylate DNA: catalyzes ADP-ribosylation of DNA strand break termini containing terminal phosphates and a 2'-OH group in single- and double-stranded DNA, respectively (PubMed:27471034). Required for PARP9 and DTX3L recruitment to DNA damage sites (PubMed:23230272). PARP1-dependent PARP9-DTX3L-mediated ubiquitination promotes the rapid and specific recruitment of 53BP1/TP53BP1, UIMC1/RAP80, and BRCA1 to DNA damage sites (PubMed:23230272). PARP1-mediated DNA repair in neurons plays a role in sleep: senses DNA damage in neurons and promotes sleep, facilitating efficient DNA repair (By similarity). In addition to DNA repair, also involved in other processes, such as transcription regulation, programmed cell death, membrane repair, adipogenesis and innate immunity (PubMed:15607977, PubMed:17177976, PubMed:19344625, PubMed:27256882, PubMed:32315358, PubMed:32844745, PubMed:35124853, PubMed:35393539, PubMed:35460603). Acts as a repressor of transcription: binds to nucleosomes and modulates chromatin structure in a manner similar to histone H1, thereby altering RNA polymerase II (PubMed:15607977, PubMed:22464733). Acts both as a positive and negative regulator of transcription elongation, depending on the context (PubMed:27256882, PubMed:35393539). Acts as a positive regulator of transcription elongation by mediating poly-ADP-ribosylation of NELFE, preventing RNA-binding activity of NELFE and relieving transcription pausing (PubMed:27256882). Acts as a negative regulator of transcription elongation in response to DNA damage by catalyzing poly-ADP-ribosylation of CCNT1, disrupting the phase separation activity of CCNT1 and subsequent activation of CDK9 (PubMed:35393539). Involved in replication fork progression following interaction with CARM1: mediates poly-ADP-ribosylation at replication forks, slowing fork progression (PubMed:33412112). Poly-ADP-ribose chains generated by PARP1 also play a role in poly-ADP-ribose-dependent cell death, a process named parthanatos (By similarity). Also acts as a negative regulator of the cGAS-STING pathway (PubMed:32315358, PubMed:32844745, PubMed:35460603). Acts by mediating poly-ADP-ribosylation of CGAS: PARP1 translocates into the cytosol following phosphorylation by PRKDC and catalyzes poly-ADP-ribosylation and inactivation of CGAS (PubMed:35460603). Acts as a negative regulator of adipogenesis: catalyzes poly-ADP-ribosylation of histone H2B on 'Glu-35' (H2BE35ADPr) following interaction with NMNAT1, inhibiting phosphorylation of H2B at 'Ser-36' (H2BS36ph), thereby blocking expression of pro-adipogenetic genes (By similarity). Involved in the synthesis of ATP in the nucleus, together with NMNAT1, PARG and NUDT5 (PubMed:27257257). Nuclear ATP generation is required for extensive chromatin remodeling events that are energy-consuming (PubMed:27257257). Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1, processed C-terminus. Promotes AIFM1-mediated apoptosis (PubMed:33168626). This form, which translocates into the cytoplasm following cleavage by caspase-3 (CASP3) and caspase-7 (CASP7) in response to apoptosis, is auto-poly-ADP-ribosylated and serves as a poly-ADP-ribose carrier to induce AIFM1-mediated apoptosis (PubMed:33168626). Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1, processed N-terminus. This cleavage form irreversibly binds to DNA breaks and interferes with DNA repair, promoting DNA damage-induced apoptosis.
Alternative names
ADPRT, PPOL, PARP1, Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1, PARP-1, ADP-ribosyltransferase diphtheria toxin-like 1, DNA ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP1, NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase 1, Poly[ADP-ribose] synthase 1, Protein poly-ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP1, ARTD1, ADPRT 1
Recommended products
Mouse Monoclonal PARP1 antibody - conjugated to Alexa Fluor® 488. Suitable for Flow Cyt (Intra), ICC and reacts with Human samples.
Key facts
- Isotype
- IgG1
- Host species
- Mouse
- Conjugation
- Alexa Fluor® 488
- Excitation/Emission
- Ex: 495nm, Em: 519nm
- Storage buffer
Preservative: 0.02% Sodium azide
Constituents: 68% PBS, 30% Glycerol (glycerin, glycerine), 1% BSA- Form
- Liquid
- Clonality
- Monoclonal
- Immunogen
- The exact immunogen used to generate this antibody is proprietary information.
- Clone number
- 4B5BD2
- Purification technique
- Precipitation Ammonium Sulphate
- Specificity
ab170171 reacts with the N-terminal end formed by the cleavage adjacent to Asp214; it thus recognizes the apoptosis-specific 89 kDa catalytic domain fragment, but it does not recognize the full-length PARP1 or the 24 kDa DNA binding domain fragment.
- Concentration
Storage
- Shipped at conditions
- Blue Ice
- Appropriate short-term storage conditions
- +4°C
- Appropriate long-term storage conditions
- +4°C
- Storage information
- Avoid freeze / thaw cycle, Stable for 12 months at -20°C, Store in the dark
Notes
Alexa Fluor® is a registered trademark of Molecular Probes, Inc, a Thermo Fisher Scientific Company. The Alexa Fluor® dye included in this product is provided under an intellectual property license from Life Technologies Corporation. As this product contains the Alexa Fluor® dye, the purchase of this product conveys to the buyer the non-transferable right to use the purchased product and components of the product only in research conducted by the buyer (whether the buyer is an academic or for-profit entity). As this product contains the Alexa Fluor® dye the sale of this product is expressly conditioned on the buyer not using the product or its components, or any materials made using the product or its components, in any activity to generate revenue, which may include, but is not limited to use of the product or its components: in manufacturing; (ii) to provide a service, information, or data in return for payment (iii) for therapeutic, diagnostic or prophylactic purposes; or (iv) for resale, regardless of whether they are sold for use in research. For information on purchasing a license to this product for purposes other than research, contact Life Technologies Corporation, 5781 Van Allen Way, Carlsbad, CA 92008 USA or outlicensing@thermofisher.com.
Supplementary info
- This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.
- Activity summary
Cleaved PARP1 also known as cPARP is a fragment of the PARP1 protein an important DNA repair enzyme. The full PARP1 protein has a molecular weight of approximately 116 kDa but after cleavage during apoptosis the cleaved PARP1 fragments typically have a molecular weight of around 89 kDa and 24 kDa. PARP1 is expressed abundantly in the cell nucleus where it plays important roles in maintaining genomic integrity. The cleavage of PARP1 is a common marker for cell apoptosis pointing towards its breakdown in response to cellular stress.
- Biological function summary
The enzymatic function of PARP1 involves the transfer of ADP-ribose units from NAD+ to target proteins a process known as ADP-ribosylation. PARP1 operates as a part of the base excision repair complex essential in DNA repair processes. The cleaved form of PARP1 no longer facilitates DNA repair marking a shift towards apoptosis. When PARP1 is cleaved it indicates caspase activity implying cells are undergoing programmed cell death.
- Pathways
Cleaved PARP1 is deeply involved in the apoptosis and DNA damage response pathways. In the apoptosis pathway PARP1 interacts with key proteins like caspase-3 which cleaves PARP during apoptosis. In the DNA damage response PARP1 collaborates with proteins such as XRCC1 facilitating the base excision repair pathway important for fixing single-strand DNA breaks. These pathways highlight the dual role of PARP1 in promoting cell survival through repair and cell death via apoptosis.
- Associated diseases and disorders
Cleaved PARP1 serves as an important marker in cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. In cancer research elevated levels of cleaved PARP1 suggest increased rates of apoptosis in response to anti-cancer therapies linking it to tumor suppression efforts. In neurodegenerative diseases excessive activation and cleavage of PARP1 can result in cell death exacerbating conditions like Alzheimer's disease. Through these contexts cleaved PARP1 connects to other therapeutic targets such as caspase proteins in cancer and to potential PARP inhibitors in neurodegenerative disorders.
Product promise
Tested
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Expected
We have not tested this specific species and application combination in-house, but expect it will work. It is covered by our product promise.
Predicted
This species and application combination has not been tested, but we predict it will work based on strong homology. However, this combination is not covered by our product promise.
Not recommended
We do not recommend this combination. It is not covered by our product promise.
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2 product images
![Immunocytochemistry - Alexa Fluor® 488 Anti-Cleaved PARP1 antibody [4B5BD2] (ab170171), expandable thumbnail](https://content.abcam.com/products/images/alexa-fluor-488-cleaved-parp1-antibody-4b5bd2-ab170171--immunocytochemistry-img65331.jpg "Immunocytochemistry - Alexa Fluor® 488 Anti-Cleaved PARP1 antibody [4B5BD2] (ab170171)")
Immunocytochemistry - Alexa Fluor® 488 Anti-Cleaved PARP1 antibody [4B5BD2] (ab170171)
Immunocytochemistry with anti-cleaved PARP1 antibody conjugated to Alexa Fluor® 488.
HeLa cells were vehicle-treated (panels A-C) or treated with 1 μM staurosporine for 4 hours (panels D-F), then fixed. Cells were treated with antigen retrieval buffer (100 mM Tris, 5% urea, pH 9.5) for 10 minutes at 95°C, then permeabilized and blocked. Cells were incubated with 1 μg/mL of the cleaved PARP1 antibody conjugated to Alexa Fluor® 488, then co-stained with the DNA stain DAPI. Images of DAPI signals (A and D), anti-cleaved PARP1 signal (B and E), and overlays of DAPI (artificially colored red for better contrast) and anti-cleaved PARP1 (colored green) images (C and F) are shown.
![Flow Cytometry (Intracellular) - Alexa Fluor® 488 Anti-Cleaved PARP1 antibody [4B5BD2] (ab170171), expandable thumbnail](https://content.abcam.com/products/images/alexa-fluor-488-cleaved-parp1-antibody-4b5bd2-ab170171--flow-cytometry-intracellular-img62582.jpg "Flow Cytometry (Intracellular) - Alexa Fluor® 488 Anti-Cleaved PARP1 antibody [4B5BD2] (ab170171)")
Flow Cytometry (Intracellular) - Alexa Fluor® 488 Anti-Cleaved PARP1 antibody [4B5BD2] (ab170171)
Flow cytometry with anti-cleaved PARP1 antibody conjugated to Alexa Fluor® 488.
Flow cytometric analysis was performed on HeLa vehicle-treated cells and on HeLa cells treated with 1 μM staurosporine for 4 hours. Cells were fixed with paraformaldehyde and permeablized with methanol. HeLa vehicle-treated cells were stained with 1 μg/mL of the cleaved PARP1 antibody conjugated to Alexa488 (blue) or a negative, nonreactive Alexa Fluor® 488-conjugated control antibody (black). HeLa staurosporine-treated cells were stained with 1 μg/mL of the cleaved PARP1 antibody conjugated to Alexa Fluor® 488 (yellow) or a negative, nonreactive Alexa Fluor® 488-conjugated control antibody (red). 1% BSA in PBS was used as the blocking reagent for all blocking and antibody incubation steps.
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