Alexa Fluor® 488 Anti-iNOS antibody [SP126]

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase commonly referred to as iNOS or NOS2 is an important enzyme in the production of nitric oxide (NO) from L-arginine. This enzyme has a molecular weight of approximately 130 kDa and is expressed in various cell types including macrophages and hepatocytes. iNOS becomes active in response to inflammatory stimuli and can produce large amounts of NO for extended periods. Western blotting and iNOS ELISA kits are frequently used methods to detect and quantify the presence and activity of iNOS in different biological samples.

Biological function summary

INOS plays a significant role in the immune system by participating in the defense against pathogens. The enzyme is part of a molecular complex that generates NO which acts as a signaling molecule and has antimicrobial properties. iNOS activity is induced during immune responses and contributes to the elimination of bacteria and viruses through the production of reactive nitrogen species. Its expression is tightly regulated by cytokines and other signaling molecules that modulate the extent of its action.

Pathways

INOS integrates into the nitric oxide signaling pathway and is closely associated with inflammatory pathways. NO serves as a messenger within the nitric oxide signaling pathway facilitating processes like vasodilation and neurotransmission. iNOS works alongside other proteins such as cytokines like interferon-gamma that elevate its activity during inflammation and immune responses. The regulation of iNOS expression and activity plays an essential role in maintaining immune homeostasis and ensuring proper response to infections.

Associated diseases and disorders

INOS is linked to conditions characterized by excessive inflammation such as rheumatoid arthritis and sepsis. In these diseases overproduction of nitric oxide by iNOS can lead to tissue damage and exacerbate symptoms. Additionally iNOS is associated with the protein TNF-alpha as its expression is often driven by inflammatory mediators during disease states. Understanding the role of iNOS in such conditions provides insights into potential therapeutic targets for managing inflammatory diseases.