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AB324331

Alexa Fluor® 488 Anti-PADI2 / PAD2 antibody [EPR26940-85]

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Rabbit Recombinant Monoclonal PADI2 / PAD2 antibody - conjugated to Alexa Fluor® 488. Suitable for IHC-P, ICC/IF and reacts with Human, Mouse samples.

View Alternative Names

KIAA0994, PAD2, PDI2, PADI2, Protein-arginine deiminase type-2, PAD-H19, Peptidylarginine deiminase II, Protein-arginine deiminase type II

5 Images
Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence - Alexa Fluor® 488 Anti-PADI2 / PAD2 antibody [EPR26940-85] (AB324331)
  • ICC/IF

Supplier Data

Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence - Alexa Fluor® 488 Anti-PADI2 / PAD2 antibody [EPR26940-85] (AB324331)

Immunofluorescent analysis of 4% Paraformaldehyde-fixed, 0.1% TritonX-100 permeabilized SK-BR-3 (human breast adenocarcinoma epithelial cell) cells labelling PADI2 / PAD2 with ab324331 at 1/50 (10.0 ug/ml) dilution (Green).

Confocal image showing cytoplasmic and nuclear staining in SK-BR-3 cell line (shown in green). The counterstain was observed in magenta. Nuclear DNA was labelled with DAPI (shown in blue).
Low expression : MCF-7 (PMID : 23110523).
Image was taken with a confocal microscope (Leica-Microsystems, TCS SP8).

ab195889 Anti-alpha Tubulin mouse monoclonal antibody - Microtubule Marker (Alexa Fluor® 594) was used to counterstain tubulin at 1/ab195889 200 2.5ug/ml dilution (Magenta). The Nuclear counterstain was DAPI (Blue).

Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Alexa Fluor® 488 Anti-PADI2 / PAD2 antibody [EPR26940-85] (AB324331)
  • IHC-P

Supplier Data

Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Alexa Fluor® 488 Anti-PADI2 / PAD2 antibody [EPR26940-85] (AB324331)

Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded Human colon tissue labeling PADI2 / PAD2 with ab324331 at 1/100 (5.0 ug/ml) dilution.

Positive staining on human colon.
The primary antibody was incubated overnight at 4°C (shown in green). Nuclear DNA was labelled with DAPI (shown in blue). The section was then mounted using Fluoromount®.
Image was taken with a confocal microscope (Leica-Microsystems, TCS SP8).

Counterstained with DAPI.

Heat mediated antigen retrieval was performed using ab93684 (Tris/EDTA buffer, pH 9.0)

Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Alexa Fluor® 488 Anti-PADI2 / PAD2 antibody [EPR26940-85] (AB324331)
  • IHC-P

Supplier Data

Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Alexa Fluor® 488 Anti-PADI2 / PAD2 antibody [EPR26940-85] (AB324331)

Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded Mouse cerebrum tissue labeling PADI2 / PAD2 with ab324331 at 1/100 (5.0 ug/ml) dilution.

Positive staining on mouse cerebrum.
The primary antibody was incubated overnight at 4°C (shown in green). Nuclear DNA was labelled with DAPI (shown in blue). The section was then mounted using Fluoromount®.
Image was taken with a confocal microscope (Leica-Microsystems, TCS SP8).

Counterstained with DAPI.

Heat mediated antigen retrieval was performed using ab93684 (Tris/EDTA buffer, pH 9.0)

Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Alexa Fluor® 488 Anti-PADI2 / PAD2 antibody [EPR26940-85] (AB324331)
  • IHC-P

Supplier Data

Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Alexa Fluor® 488 Anti-PADI2 / PAD2 antibody [EPR26940-85] (AB324331)

Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded Human liver tissue labeling PADI2 / PAD2 with ab324331 at 1/100 (5.0 ug/ml) dilution.

Negative control : no staining on human liver.
The primary antibody was incubated overnight at 4°C (shown in green). Nuclear DNA was labelled with DAPI (shown in blue). The section was then mounted using Fluoromount®.
Image was taken with a confocal microscope (Leica-Microsystems, TCS SP8).

Counterstained with DAPI.

Heat mediated antigen retrieval was performed using ab93684 (Tris/EDTA buffer, pH 9.0)

Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Alexa Fluor® 488 Anti-PADI2 / PAD2 antibody [EPR26940-85] (AB324331)
  • IHC-P

Supplier Data

Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Alexa Fluor® 488 Anti-PADI2 / PAD2 antibody [EPR26940-85] (AB324331)

Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded Mouse liver tissue labeling PADI2 / PAD2 with ab324331 at 1/100 (5.0 ug/ml) dilution.

Negative control : no staining on mouse liver.
The primary antibody was incubated overnight at 4°C (shown in green). Nuclear DNA was labelled with DAPI (shown in blue). The section was then mounted using Fluoromount®.
Image was taken with a confocal microscope (Leica-Microsystems, TCS SP8).

Counterstained with DAPI.

Heat mediated antigen retrieval was performed using ab93684 (Tris/EDTA buffer, pH 9.0)

Key facts

Host species

Rabbit

Clonality

Monoclonal

Clone number

EPR26940-85

Isotype

IgG

Conjugation

Alexa Fluor® 488

Excitation/Emission

Ex: 495nm, Em: 519nm

Carrier free

No

Reacts with

Human, Mouse

Applications

IHC-P, ICC/IF

applications

Immunogen

The exact immunogen used to generate this antibody is proprietary information.

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Reactivity data

{ "title": "Reactivity Data", "filters": { "stats": ["", "Species", "Dilution Info", "Notes"], "tabs": { "all-applications": {"fullname" : "All Applications", "shortname": "All Applications"}, "IHCP" : {"fullname" : "Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections)", "shortname":"IHC-P"}, "ICCIF" : {"fullname" : "Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence", "shortname":"ICC/IF"} }, "product-promise": { "all": "all", "testedAndGuaranteed": "tested", "guaranteed": "expected", "predicted": "predicted", "notRecommended": "not-recommended" } }, "values": { "Human": { "IHCP-species-checked": "testedAndGuaranteed", "IHCP-species-dilution-info": "1/100", "IHCP-species-notes": "<p></p> Perform heat-mediated antigen retrieval with Tris/EDTA buffer pH 9.0 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.", "ICCIF-species-checked": "testedAndGuaranteed", "ICCIF-species-dilution-info": "1/50", "ICCIF-species-notes": "<p></p>" }, "Mouse": { "IHCP-species-checked": "testedAndGuaranteed", "IHCP-species-dilution-info": "1/100", "IHCP-species-notes": "<p></p> Perform heat-mediated antigen retrieval with Tris/EDTA buffer pH 9.0 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.", "ICCIF-species-checked": "guaranteed", "ICCIF-species-dilution-info": "", "ICCIF-species-notes": "" }, "Rat": { "IHCP-species-checked": "notRecommended", "IHCP-species-dilution-info": "", "IHCP-species-notes": "<p></p>", "ICCIF-species-checked": "notRecommended", "ICCIF-species-dilution-info": "", "ICCIF-species-notes": "" } } }
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Product details

Patented technology
Our RabMAb® technology is a patented hybridoma-based technology for making rabbit monoclonal antibodies. For details on our patents, please refer to RabMAb® patents.

What are the advantages of a recombinant monoclonal antibody?
This product is a recombinant monoclonal antibody, which offers several advantages including:

  • - High batch-to-batch consistency and reproducibility
  • - Improved sensitivity and specificity
  • - Long-term security of supply
  • - Animal-free batch production

For more information, read more on recombinant antibodies.

Alexa Fluor® is a registered trademark of Molecular Probes, Inc, a Thermo Fisher Scientific Company. The Alexa Fluor® dye included in this product is provided under an intellectual property license from Life Technologies Corporation. As this product contains the Alexa Fluor® dye, the purchase of this product conveys to the buyer the non-transferable right to use the purchased product and components of the product only in research conducted by the buyer (whether the buyer is an academic or for-profit entity). As this product contains the Alexa Fluor® dye the sale of this product is expressly conditioned on the buyer not using the product or its components, or any materials made using the product or its components, in any activity to generate revenue, which may include, but is not limited to use of the product or its components: in manufacturing; (ii) to provide a service, information, or data in return for payment (iii) for therapeutic, diagnostic or prophylactic purposes; or (iv) for resale, regardless of whether they are sold for use in research. For information on purchasing a license to this product for purposes other than research, contact Life Technologies Corporation, 5781 Van Allen Way, Carlsbad, CA 92008 USA or outlicensing@thermofisher.com.

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Properties and storage information

Form
Liquid
Purification technique
Affinity purification Protein A
Storage buffer
pH: 7.4 Preservative: 0.02% Sodium azide Constituents: 68% PBS, 30% Glycerol (glycerin, glycerine), 1% BSA
Shipped at conditions
Blue Ice
Appropriate short-term storage duration
1-2 weeks
Appropriate short-term storage conditions
+4°C
Appropriate long-term storage conditions
-20°C
Aliquoting information
Upon delivery aliquot
Storage information
Avoid freeze / thaw cycle|Store in the dark
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Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

PADI2 also known as PAD2 or PADdeux is a protein that performs post-translational modification by converting arginine residues into citrulline residues in proteins through a process known as citrullination. This protein has an approximate mass of 75 kDa. PADI2 is expressed in many tissues but shows higher levels in the brain skeletal muscle and mammary gland. Within these tissues PADI2 plays a role in regulating various physiological processes by altering protein function through citrullination.
Biological function summary

PADI2 contributes significantly to the regulation of gene expression protein function and signal transduction. PADI2 does not exist as part of a larger protein complex yet it interacts with other proteins to regulate cellular processes. In particular it modifies histones which impacts chromatin structure and gene expression playing a role in cell differentiation and immune response modulation. Its activity can affect various cellular outcomes by regulating the function and interaction of different protein substrates.

Pathways

PADI2 takes part in gene regulation and cell differentiation processes by modifying histones and impacting chromatin structure. It is integral in pathways related to inflammation and immune responses such as the NF-kB signaling pathway enhancing its biological role. PADI2 interacts with multiple proteins including histones and other signaling molecules reinforcing its critical role in these pathways.

PADI2 has been linked to rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis due to its role in immune modulation and inflammation. In rheumatoid arthritis aberrant citrullination by PADI2 contributes to the production of autoantibodies which are involved in the disease's pathogenesis. It also associates with abnormal neural processes in multiple sclerosis where citrullinated proteins potentially contribute to the demyelination process. In these conditions PADI2's function relates closely with other citrullinating proteins such as PADI4 highlighting the interconnectedness of these pathways in disease.
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Product protocols

For this product, it's our understanding that no specific protocols are required. You can visit:
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Target data

Catalyzes the deimination of arginine residues of proteins.
See full target information PADI2
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Product promise

We are committed to supporting your work with high-quality reagents, and we're here for you every step of the way. In the unlikely event that one of our products does not perform as expected, you're protected by our Product Promise.
For full details, please see our Terms & Conditions
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Please note: All products are 'FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY. NOT FOR USE IN DIAGNOSTIC OR THERAPEUTIC PROCEDURES'.

For licensing inquiries, please contact partnerships@abcam.com