Alexa Fluor® 488 Anti-SIGIRR antibody [EPR22438-93]

Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

SIGIRR also known as Single Immunoglobulin IL-1 Related Receptor or TIR8 is a transmembrane protein approximately 410 amino acids in length translating to a mass of about 45 kDa. It is expressed in various tissues with higher levels seen in the kidney liver lung and immune cells. SIGIRR is part of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) and interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1R) family acting as a negative regulator by interfering with signaling pathways usually triggered by these receptors.

Biological function summary

SIGIRR modulates immune responses by dampening inflammation and maintaining homeostasis in immune-related pathways. SIGIRR functions as a decoy receptor binding ligands without initiating a signaling cascade which effectively reduces the immune response. It does not work alone; it is part of larger receptor complexes within the TLR and IL-1R family where it can inhibit the signaling of other family members like TLR4 and IL-1R1 thereby controlling their activity and preventing excessive inflammation.

Pathways

SIGIRR participates in both the Toll-like receptor and interleukin-1 receptor pathways. It interacts with adaptor proteins such as MyD88 to modulate the downstream signaling cascade that involves NF-kB activation a central transcription factor in immune response. By doing so it keeps the inflammation response in check connecting to related proteins within these pathways that include IL-1R1 and TLR4 ultimately regulating key pro-inflammatory processes.

Multiple studies link SIGIRR to conditions characterized by chronic inflammation such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Animals with SIGIRR deficiency tend to show increased susceptibility to these diseases implicating its role in disease modulation. Additionally SIGIRR's interaction with IL-1R1 highlights its potential involvement in autoimmune diseases where dysregulated immune regulation is a common theme. Understanding its function in these contexts can provide insights into therapeutic approaches for inflammatory and autoimmune conditions.