Alexa Fluor® 568 Anti-TATA binding protein TBP antibody [EPR21954] - ChIP Grade

Supplementary info

Activity summary

The TATA binding protein (TBP) also known as TBP or TFIID (Transcription Factor IID) is a central player in transcription initiation. This protein weighing approximately 38 kDa binds to the TATA box a DNA sequence found in the promoter region of many genes especially those transcribed by RNA polymerase II. TBP facilitates the loading of the transcription machinery onto DNA enabling the start of transcription. It is found inside the nucleus of eukaryotic cells present across diverse cell types owing to its role in gene expression.

Biological function summary

TBP serves as a pivotal anchor in the assembly of the transcription preinitiation complex contributing to the process by bending DNA to assist other transcription factors such as TFIIA and TFIIB in binding. Its role in this complex illustrates its importance in regulating gene expression at a fundamental level. TBP’s interaction with other transcription factors ensures precise transcription regulation reflecting its significant contribution to cellular activities.

Pathways

TBP acts within the RNA polymerase II transcription initiation pathway and is integral in regulating gene expression. TBP's involvement is critical for the process of starting the transcription of mRNA. In its pathway TBP interacts with proteins like TFIID helping to anchor other transcription factors in the complex. By collaborating with these proteins TBP shapes gene regulatory networks essential for a wide range of cellular functions.

Associated diseases and disorders

TBP is linked to conditions such as spinocerebellar ataxia type 17 (SCA17) and Huntington's disease. SCA17 is associated with mutations in the TBP gene that disrupt its usual functioning leading to neurodegeneration. In Huntington's disease TBP's interaction with proteins such as huntingtin may influence nuclear signaling pathways involved in disease progression. The understanding of TBP’s role in these disorders underlines its relevance in research focused on genetic diseases and transcription-related pathologies.