Alexa Fluor® 594 Anti-ALDH1L1 + ALDH1L2 antibody [EPR12743(B)]

Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

ALDH1L1 and ALDH1L2 also called 10-formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenases are enzymes involved in folate metabolism. The enzymes have molecular masses of approximately 110 kDa. They are predominantly expressed in astrocytes in the central nervous system. ALDH1L1 is widely recognized as an astrocyte marker due to its specific expression pattern in these glial cells in the brain. The enzyme plays a role in one-carbon metabolism necessary for synthesizing nucleotides and other cellular processes.

Biological function summary

ALDH1L1 and ALDH1L2 participate in the conversion of 10-formyltetrahydrofolate to tetrahydrofolate. This reaction is important for the regulation of cellular one-carbon units. They function as part of the folate metabolic pathway often interacting with proteins like methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase. As an important regulator in folate metabolism ALDH1L1 particularly serves as an astrocyte marker which helps in identifying these cells within the brain tissue.

Pathways

ALDH1L1 and ALDH1L2 are important components of the folate and methionine cycles. These cycles play a significant role in cell growth and proliferation. Within the methionine cycle ALDH1L1 interacts with proteins like methionine synthase facilitating methionine regeneration from homocysteine. This connection highlights the enzymes' integrative role in maintaining cellular methylation and genetic expression through their metabolic functions.

Disturbances in ALDH1L1 and ALDH1L2 activity can link to neurological conditions such as Alzheimer's disease and epilepsy. ALDH1L1 as an astrocyte marker is often researched in the context of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Dysregulation in folate metabolism may affect homocysteine levels potentially connecting ALDH1L1 with proteins such as S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase in these diseases. Understanding these enzymes' role in disease pathways offers potential therapeutic targets for related disorders.