Alexa Fluor® 647 Anti-MAT2A + MAT1A antibody [EPR10496]

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

MAT2A (Methionine Adenosyltransferase 2A) and MAT1A (Methionine Adenosyltransferase 1A) are enzymes that catalyze the formation of S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) from methionine and ATP. MAT2A also known as hepatic MAT has a mass of approximately 52 kDa while MAT1A also sometimes referred to as extrahepatic MAT typically weighs around 48 kDa. Both enzymes differ in their tissue expression: MAT1A is predominantly found in the liver whereas MAT2A expresses across various tissues such as the brain and intestines.

Biological function summary

MAT2A and MAT1A are key in the methionine cycle impacting gene regulation through methylation reactions. They facilitate the synthesis of SAM a universal methyl donor essential for transmethylation processes within cells. Specifically MAT1A forms a complex with glycine N-methyltransferase to regulate homocysteine and methylation homeostasis. Both enzymes perform a role in controlling the abundance of SAM which influences various cellular processes including nucleic acid protein and lipid metabolism.

Pathways

MAT2A and MAT1A participate actively in methionine and SAM metabolism. They integrate within the one-carbon metabolism pathway which is critical for methylation processes affecting gene expression and epigenetic regulation. MAT2A interacts with proteins like MAT2B which modulates the activity of MAT2A impacting the balance between SAM and S-adenosylhomocysteine. This pathway interaction is important for maintaining methylation balance and cellular proliferation.

Associated diseases and disorders

MAT2A and MAT1A relate to liver diseases and cancer reflecting their roles in SAM metabolism. Abnormal function or expression of these enzymes affects SAM levels linking to liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. MAT1A mutations can impair methionine metabolism exacerbating liver conditions. Similarly altered MAT2A expression associates with certain cancers where it modulates cellular methylation states and growth. Proteins like SAM might get affected creating an imbalance that contributes to the pathology of liver disease and oncogenesis.