Alexa Fluor® 647 Anti-VGluT1 antibody [N28-9]

Target data

Multifunctional transporter that transports L-glutamate as well as multiple ions such as chloride, proton, potassium, sodium and phosphate (PubMed : 10938000, PubMed : 11001057, PubMed : 11698619, PubMed : 18080752, PubMed : 19169251, PubMed : 25433636, PubMed : 27133463, PubMed : 29642010, PubMed : 33440152, PubMed : 8202535). At the synaptic vesicle membrane, mainly functions as an uniporter which transports preferentially L-glutamate but also phosphate from the cytoplasm into synaptic vesicles at presynaptic nerve terminals of excitatory neural cells (PubMed : 10938000, PubMed : 11001057, PubMed : 11698619, PubMed : 18080752, PubMed : 29642010). The L-glutamate or phosphate uniporter activity is electrogenic and is driven by the proton electrochemical gradient, mainly by the electrical gradient established by the vacuolar H(+)-ATPase across the synaptic vesicle membrane (PubMed : 29642010). In addition, functions as a chloride channel that allows a chloride permeation through the synaptic vesicle membrane that affects the proton electrochemical gradient and promotes synaptic vesicles acidification (PubMed : 10938000, PubMed : 19169251, PubMed : 25433636, PubMed : 27133463, PubMed : 29642010). Moreover, may function as a K(+)/H(+) antiport allowing to maintain the electrical gradient and to decrease chemical gradient and therefore sustain vesicular glutamate uptake (PubMed : 25433636). The vesicular K(+)/H(+) antiport activity is electroneutral (PubMed : 25433636). At the plasma membrane, following exocytosis, functions as a symporter of Na(+) and phosphate from the extracellular space to the cytoplasm allowing synaptic phosphate homeostasis regulation (PubMed : 29642010, PubMed : 33440152, PubMed : 8202535). The symporter activity is driven by an inside negative membrane potential and is electrogenic (PubMed : 29642010). Is necessary for synaptic signaling of visual-evoked responses from photoreceptors (By similarity).