Anti-alpha Defensin 5 antibody [EPR14309(B)]

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

Alpha Defensin 5 sometimes referred to as HD5 is a small antimicrobial peptide that exhibits an important role in the innate immune system. It has a molecular mass of approximately 3.5 kDa. Alpha Defensin 5 is mainly expressed in Paneth cells located in the small intestine and to a lesser extent in epithelial cells of other mucosal tissues. This peptide is known for its ability to disrupt microbial membranes providing a defense against a broad range of pathogens including bacteria fungi and some viruses.

Biological function summary

Alpha defensin 5 plays a significant role in maintaining the homeostasis of the gut microbiota. It is not typically part of a larger complex but it functions independently to modulate the intestinal environment. The peptide contributes to the protective barrier by influencing the microbial community composition aiding in the prevention of infections and the maintenance of gut health. Its mechanism includes direct bacterial lysis where it inserts into microbial cell membranes and forms pores leading to cell death.

Pathways

Alpha defensin 5 is integral within the innate immune response and antimicrobial peptide-mediated signaling pathways. It is closely tied to regulatory interactions with other proteins such as alpha defensins and beta defensins which similarly contribute to immune defense. While alpha defensin 5 acts independently it collaborates with these proteins to orchestrate a coordinated response against microbial infections enhancing the overall effectiveness of the host’s immune system.

Associated diseases and disorders

Alpha defensin 5 has been related to inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and colorectal cancer. Altered expression levels of this peptide can disrupt the delicate balance of intestinal microflora potentially leading to chronic inflammation observed in IBD. Additionally its dysregulation might contribute to the mechanisms underlying colorectal cancer progression. In these conditions alpha defensin 5 interacts with other immune-modulating proteins affecting disease outcomes and suggesting its therapeutic potential as a target for disease intervention.