Anti-AP2B1 antibody

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

AP2B1 also known as the beta-1 subunit of the adaptor protein complex 2 (AP-2 complex) has a mass of approximately 105 kDa. It plays an important role in clathrin-mediated endocytosis by forming a bridge between clathrin and cargo molecules. The AP-2 complex is essential for selecting and concentrating cargo proteins that are destined for endocytosis. AP2B1 is highly expressed in most tissues with abundant presence in brain tissue suggesting its importance in neural processes.

Biological function summary

AP2B1 functions as a component of the AP-2 complex which is essential for the formation of clathrin-coated pits on the plasma membrane. It contributes to the regulation of receptor-mediated endocytosis a process important for nutrient uptake and signaling receptor regulation. The AP-2 complex binds to the cytoplasmic tails of transmembrane proteins mediating their internalization into cells for degradation or recycling. This highlights AP2B1's role in maintaining cellular homeostasis and responding to environmental signals.

Pathways

Researchers have shown that AP2B1 is actively involved in the endocytic pathway facilitating the internalization of cell surface receptors into vesicles. It is also linked to the sorting of cargo proteins within the endocytosis pathway in tandem with other proteins like calmodulin. The interaction with dynamin regulates the membrane scission events necessary for vesicle release. Both calmodulin and dynamin are important for the successful execution of these pathways where AP2B1 plays a central role.

Associated diseases and disorders

Disruptions in AP2B1 function link to neurological disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease potentially due to impaired endocytosis and subsequent cellular signaling dysfunctions. Abnormalities in the AP-2 complex including AP2B1 have also been associated with cancers like melanoma where altered receptor endocytosis can lead to uncontrolled cell signaling and proliferation. Both conditions involve pathways where dynamin works closely with AP2B1 hinting at its wider implications in disease progression and therapeutic target potential.