APC Anti-DNA Polymerase delta, catalytic subunit antibody [EPR15118]

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

POLD1 also known as DNA polymerase delta is a catalytic subunit of the DNA polymerase delta complex with alternative names such as delta 647 delta 555 delta 488 delta APC delta ALP and ADN-594. Its mass is approximately 124 kDa. POLD1 is expressed in various tissues but shows high expression in proliferating cells. The primary role is to facilitate the high-fidelity DNA replication process by synthesizing the lagging strand during DNA replication and repair. Its enzymatic activity involves adding nucleotides to a primer strand of DNA and executing proofreading functions to ensure replication accuracy.

Biological function summary

POLD1 is integral to the replication machinery where it functions as part of the multi-subunit DNA polymerase delta complex. This complex plays a pivotal role in promoting genome stability by participating in DNA synthesis proofreading and repair processes. The complex provides both polymerase and exonuclease activity ensuring accuracy during DNA replication. Besides POLD1 interacts with PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen) to enhance its enzymatic efficiency during DNA synthesis.

Pathways

POLD1 is involved in the DNA replication and repair pathways. Its interaction with replication protein A (RPA) and PCNA facilitates the smooth completion of Okazaki fragment processing within the DNA replication pathway. Additionally POLD1 plays a role in the base excision repair pathway working alongside other repair proteins such as FEN1 (flap endonuclease 1) and LIG1 (DNA ligase I) to correct DNA lesions. These interactions enforce fidelity and speed during genetic information transfer.

Associated diseases and disorders

Mutations or dysregulation of POLD1 have links to various cancers and genomic instability disorders. Somatic mutations in POLD1 are associated with colorectal cancer where the impaired replication and repair capabilities lead to accumulated mutations. Another disorder related to defective POLD1 function is MDPL syndrome (mandibular hypoplasia deafness progeroid features and lipodystrophy) where the genomic instability contributes to the disease phenotype. Through these conditions POLD1 interacts with tumor suppressors and regulatory proteins involved in DNA damage response highlighting its significance in maintaining genomic integrity and preventing disease.