Anti-APH antibody

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

The target protein APH also known as Aminoglycoside Phosphotransferase or APH(2") serves a critical role in antibiotic resistance mechanisms by phosphorylating aminoglycoside antibiotics leading to inactivation. APH with a mass of approximately 31 kDa can be found in bacteria that are often resistant to several antibiotics. Although mainly located in prokaryotes certain modified forms also show expression in eukaryotic systems for research purposes.

Biological function summary

APH plays a significant role in cell survival by protecting bacteria from antibiotic stress a process necessary for maintaining membrane integrity under antibiotic pressure. This enzyme is not a part of a larger protein complex but exhibits highly specific interactions with aminoglycosides. It commonly associates with resistance mechanisms allowing bacteria to survive in otherwise lethal environments.

Pathways

APH significantly impacts aminoglycoside metabolic pathways and contributes to the overarching antibiotic resistance pathway. This phosphotransferase action is often coordinated alongside AAC (Aminoglycoside N-acetyltransferase) and ANT (Aminoglycoside O-nucleotidyltransferase) proteins. They collectively enable bacteria survival by modifying antibiotics preventing their effective binding to bacterial ribosomal targets.

Associated diseases and disorders

APH presents a considerable threat due to its association with multidrug-resistant bacterial infections and urinary tract infections. The protein's role in resistance complicates treatment protocols and is integrated into bacterial adaptation strategies. Alongside proteins like AAC and ANT APH contributes to bacterial resilience making it a target of interest in studies focused on developing novel antibacterial treatments.