Anti-APOBEC3C/PBI antibody [EPR13417]

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

APOBEC3C also known as 'PBI courier' is an enzyme that belongs to the cytidine deaminase family. This enzyme has a molecular weight of about 23 kDa. APOBEC3C functions by catalyzing the deamination of cytidine to uridine on single-stranded DNA. This process leads to mutations in viral DNA contributing to their inactivation. APOBEC3C is widely expressed in the human body with higher expression observed in immune-related tissues such as the spleen lymph nodes and peripheral blood leukocytes.

Biological function summary

APOBEC3C plays a role in the innate immune defense against viral infections. It belongs to a larger family of APOBEC3 enzymes which often work together as a complex to provide antiviral activity. The APOBEC3C enzyme contributes to the restriction of certain retroviruses and endogenous retroelements by introducing hypermutations into their genomes during replication. The presence of multiple APOBEC3 proteins within this complex suggests redundancy and diverse antiviral functions in human immunity.

Pathways

APOBEC3C is involved in the innate immune response pathway which recognizes and responds to pathogen infections including viral invasions. It interacts with other members of the APOBEC3 family such as APOBEC3G and APOBEC3B forming an elaborate network that defends the host genome from viral invasion. The enzymatic activity of APOBEC3C fits into the restriction pathway providing a protective mechanism against viral infections and maintaining genomic stability.

Associated diseases and disorders

APOBEC3C's hypermutation activity is connected to the progression of HIV-1 where the virus may evolve escape mutants. Additionally the enzymatic action of APOBEC3C has been implicated in cancer especially in relation to the mutation profiles found in some tumor types. The interplay with other APOBEC3 proteins like APOBEC3B increases the complexity of their involvement in cancer mutagenesis and antiviral immunity highlighting the enzyme's dual role in protecting against pathogens and potentially promoting genomic instability.