Rabbit Polyclonal Argonaute-2 antibody. Suitable for IHC-P, WB and reacts with Human samples. Cited in 386 publications.
IgG
Rabbit
pH: 7.4
Preservative: 0.02% Sodium azide
Constituents: 98.98% PBS, 1% BSA
Liquid
Polyclonal
IHC-P | WB | |
---|---|---|
Human | Tested | Tested |
Mouse | Not recommended | Not recommended |
Rat | Not recommended | Not recommended |
Cow | Not recommended | Not recommended |
Drosophila melanogaster | Not recommended | Not recommended |
Rabbit | Not recommended | Not recommended |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Human | Dilution info 5 µg/mL | Notes Perform heat-mediated antigen retrieval before commencing with IHC staining protocol. |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Drosophila melanogaster, Mouse, Rat, Rabbit, Cow | Dilution info - | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Human | Dilution info 2 µg/mL | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Drosophila melanogaster, Mouse, Rat, Rabbit, Cow | Dilution info - | Notes - |
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Required for RNA-mediated gene silencing (RNAi) by the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). The 'minimal RISC' appears to include AGO2 bound to a short guide RNA such as a microRNA (miRNA) or short interfering RNA (siRNA). These guide RNAs direct RISC to complementary mRNAs that are targets for RISC-mediated gene silencing. The precise mechanism of gene silencing depends on the degree of complementarity between the miRNA or siRNA and its target. Binding of RISC to a perfectly complementary mRNA generally results in silencing due to endonucleolytic cleavage of the mRNA specifically by AGO2. Binding of RISC to a partially complementary mRNA results in silencing through inhibition of translation, and this is independent of endonuclease activity. May inhibit translation initiation by binding to the 7-methylguanosine cap, thereby preventing the recruitment of the translation initiation factor eIF4-E. May also inhibit translation initiation via interaction with EIF6, which itself binds to the 60S ribosomal subunit and prevents its association with the 40S ribosomal subunit. The inhibition of translational initiation leads to the accumulation of the affected mRNA in cytoplasmic processing bodies (P-bodies), where mRNA degradation may subsequently occur. In some cases RISC-mediated translational repression is also observed for miRNAs that perfectly match the 3' untranslated region (3'-UTR). Can also up-regulate the translation of specific mRNAs under certain growth conditions. Binds to the AU element of the 3'-UTR of the TNF (TNF-alpha) mRNA and up-regulates translation under conditions of serum starvation. Also required for transcriptional gene silencing (TGS), in which short RNAs known as antigene RNAs or agRNAs direct the transcriptional repression of complementary promoter regions.(Microbial infection) Upon Sars-CoV-2 infection, associates with viral miRNA-like small RNA, CoV2-miR-O7a, and may repress mRNAs, such as BATF2, to evade the IFN response.
EIF2C2, AGO2, EIF2C2, Protein argonaute-2, Argonaute2, hAgo2, Argonaute RISC catalytic component 2, Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2C 2, PAZ Piwi domain protein, Protein slicer, eIF-2C 2, eIF2C 2, PPD
Rabbit Polyclonal Argonaute-2 antibody. Suitable for IHC-P, WB and reacts with Human samples. Cited in 386 publications.
IgG
Rabbit
pH: 7.4
Preservative: 0.02% Sodium azide
Constituents: 98.98% PBS, 1% BSA
Liquid
Polyclonal
Affinity purification Immunogen
The immunogen used for this product shares 69% homology with AGO1. Cross-reactivity with this protein has not been confirmed experimentally.
Blue Ice
1-2 weeks
+4°C
-20°C
Upon delivery aliquot
Avoid freeze / thaw cycle
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This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.
Argonaute-2 often referred to as Ago2 or Argonaute-2 protein plays an important role in the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). It has a molecular weight of approximately 97 kDa. Ago2 is found in the cytoplasm and nucleus of cells and is expressed in a wide range of tissues including the brain and liver. Its mechanical function involves binding to guide RNA and facilitating strand cleavage which is essential for gene silencing and regulation at the post-transcriptional level.
The Argonaute-2 protein participates in gene silencing mechanisms. As a part of RISC Ago2 binds to microRNAs (miRNAs) or small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) to direct sequence-specific cleavage of target mRNAs regulating their translation and stability. This protein is a part of a multi-protein complex that modulates gene expression and influences cellular homeostasis and development. In its biological role Argonaute-2 impacts cellular differentiation proliferation and apoptosis.
Several cellular processes require Argonaute-2 notably the RNA interference (RNAi) and microRNA (miRNA) pathways. In these pathways it interacts with Dicer a protein essential for the maturation of small RNA molecules and facilitates the gene silencing process. Ago2 is also involved in the regulation of gene expression during embryonic development and stress responses indicating its importance in maintaining cellular function and responding to environmental changes.
Anomalies in Argonaute-2 activity correlate with cancer including lung and breast cancer where dysregulation of miRNA pathways can lead to unchecked cellular proliferation. It is also linked to neurological disorders like schizophrenia possibly due to its role in gene expression regulation in neural cells. Interactions between Ago2 and proteins like Dicer and other Argonautes suggest complex regulatory networks that when disrupted contribute to these diseases.
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This species and application combination has not been tested, but we predict it will work based on strong homology. However, this combination is not covered by our product promise.
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Immunohistochemical analysis of Argonaute2 (AGO2) in human tissues sections from slowly progressive, rapidly progressive, or normal biopsies.
Representative images of slowly progressive (A–B, E–F), rapidly progressive (C–D, G–H), and normal (I–J) biopsies stained with IgG control (A, C, E, G, & I) and anti-AGO2 antibody (B, D, F, H, & J) are shown. Images A, B, C, & D were stained with antibody concentrations of 20 μg/ml and images E, F, G, H, I, & J were stained with an antibody concentration of 4 μg/ml. Sections were counterstained with hematoxylin. Protein expression stains brown in this procedure (original magnification: ×200).
Panels A-D shown.
The identification of the 55 kDa band is unclear but this band has also been observed in HeLa lysates in the Western Blot of Anti-Argonaute-2 antibody ab5072, targeting Drosophila Ago2 / eIF2C2.
All lanes: Western blot - Anti-Argonaute-2 antibody (ab32381) at 2 µg/mL
Lane 1: HeLa (Human epithelial carcinoma cell line) Whole Cell Lysate at 20 µg
Lane 2: Western blot - Jurkat whole cell lysate (Jurkat whole cell lysate ab7899) at 20 µg
Lane 3: HeLa (Human epithelial carcinoma cell line) Nuclear Lysate at 20 µg
All lanes: IRDye 680 Conjugated Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) at 1/10000 dilution
Performed under reducing conditions.
Predicted band size: 97 kDa
Observed band size: 55 kDa, 87 kDa
IHC image of Argonaute-2 antibody staining in a section of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded human breast adenocarcinoma* performed on a Leica BONDTM system using the standard protocol. The section was pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with sodium citrate buffer (pH6, epitope retrieval solution 1) for 20mins. The section was then incubated with ab32381, 5ug/ml, for 15 mins at room temperature and detected using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system. DAB was used as the chromogen. The section was then counterstained with haematoxylin and mounted with DPX.
For other IHC staining systems (automated and non-automated) customers should optimize variable parameters such as antigen retrieval conditions, primary antibody concentration and antibody incubation times.
*Tissue obtained from the Human Research Tissue Bank, supported by the NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre
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