Anti-ATG16L1 (phospho S278) antibody [EPR19016] (ab195242) is a rabbit monoclonal antibody detecting ATG16L1 in Western Blot, IHC-P, ICC/IF, Dot Blot. Suitable for Human, Mouse.
- Biophysical QC for unrivalled batch-batch consistency
- Over 10 publications
pH: 7.2 - 7.4
Preservative: 0.01% Sodium azide
Constituents: PBS, 40% Glycerol (glycerin, glycerine), 0.05% BSA
IHC-P | Dot | WB | ICC/IF | |
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Human | Tested | Expected | Tested | Expected |
Mouse | Expected | Tested | Expected | Tested |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
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Species Human | Dilution info 3 µg/mL | Notes Perform heat-mediated antigen retrieval with citrate buffer pH 6 before commencing with IHC staining protocol. |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
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Species Mouse | Dilution info Use at an assay dependent concentration. | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
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Species Mouse | Dilution info 1/1000 | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
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Species Human | Dilution info Use at an assay dependent concentration. | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
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Species Human | Dilution info - | Notes For optimal WB signal, we recommend using 10X Blocking Buffer (10X Blocking Buffer ab126587). |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
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Species Mouse | Dilution info Use at an assay dependent concentration. | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
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Species Mouse | Dilution info 1/150 | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Human | Dilution info Use at an assay dependent concentration. | Notes - |
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Plays an essential role in both canonical and non-canonical autophagy: interacts with ATG12-ATG5 to mediate the lipidation to ATG8 family proteins (MAP1LC3A, MAP1LC3B, MAP1LC3C, GABARAPL1, GABARAPL2 and GABARAP) (PubMed:12665549, PubMed:18849966, PubMed:19898471, PubMed:23392225, PubMed:24553140, PubMed:24954904, PubMed:33586810). Acts as a molecular hub, coordinating autophagy pathways via distinct domains that support either canonical or non-canonical signaling (PubMed:33586810). During canonical autophagy, interacts with ATG12-ATG5 to mediate the conjugation of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) to ATG8 proteins, to produce a membrane-bound activated form of ATG8 (By similarity). Thereby, controls the elongation of the nascent autophagosomal membrane (By similarity). As part of the ATG8 conjugation system with ATG5 and ATG12, required for recruitment of LRRK2 to stressed lysosomes and induction of LRRK2 kinase activity in response to lysosomal stress (PubMed:38227290). Also involved in non-canonical autophagy, a parallel pathway involving conjugation of ATG8 proteins to single membranes at endolysosomal compartments, probably by catalyzing conjugation of phosphatidylserine (PS) to ATG8 (By similarity). Non-canonical autophagy plays a key role in epithelial cells to limit lethal infection by influenza A (IAV) virus (PubMed:33586810). Regulates mitochondrial antiviral signaling (MAVS)-dependent type I interferon (IFN-I) production (By similarity). Negatively regulates NOD1- and NOD2-driven inflammatory cytokine response (PubMed:24238340). Instead, promotes an autophagy-dependent antibacterial pathway together with NOD1 or NOD2 (PubMed:19898471, PubMed:19966812, PubMed:24238340). Plays a role in regulating morphology and function of Paneth cell (By similarity).
Apg16l, Atg16l1, Autophagy-related protein 16-1, APG16-like 1
Anti-ATG16L1 (phospho S278) antibody [EPR19016] (ab195242) is a rabbit monoclonal antibody detecting ATG16L1 in Western Blot, IHC-P, ICC/IF, Dot Blot. Suitable for Human, Mouse.
- Biophysical QC for unrivalled batch-batch consistency
- Over 10 publications
pH: 7.2 - 7.4
Preservative: 0.01% Sodium azide
Constituents: PBS, 40% Glycerol (glycerin, glycerine), 0.05% BSA
Patented technology
Our RabMAb® technology is a patented hybridoma-based technology for making rabbit monoclonal antibodies. For details on our patents, please refer to RabMAb® patents.
ATG16L1 also known as Autophagy Related 16 Like 1 is a protein involved in the autophagy process. It functions as part of a complex that includes ATG12 and ATG5. The molecular weight of ATG16L1 is approximately 66 kDa. It is highly expressed in various tissues including the immune cells highlighting its involvement in essential cellular processes. The protein interacts with other autophagy-related proteins to facilitate the elongation and maturation of autophagosomes.
ATG16L1 plays a role in mediating autophagy a vital cellular degradation process. It forms a complex with ATG5 and ATG12 necessary for the elongation of the autophagosome membrane. Apart from its role in autophagy ATG16L1 contributes to the regulation of innate immunity by influencing the secretion of inflammatory cytokines. Its presence is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis and proper immune responses.
ATG16L1 is important in pathways like autophagy and immunity. In the autophagy pathway it works alongside ATG5 and ATG12 to ensure the proper formation of autophagosomes which are structures that engulf and degrade unwanted cellular components. Furthermore in the immune response pathway it helps regulate inflammation by managing cytokine production and secretion showing interaction with proteins like NOD2.
ATG16L1 has connections with inflammatory bowel diseases particularly Crohn's disease and various cancers. Mutations in ATG16L1 can lead to impaired autophagy contributing to the development of Crohn's disease. In cancer dysregulation of autophagy involving ATG16L1 may affect tumor progression and response to therapy. The protein associates with NOD2 in Crohn's disease demonstrating that changes in their interaction can influence disease susceptibility and severity.
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IHC images of vessel staining of ab195242, ATG16L1 (phospho S278), in sections of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded normal human skeletal muscle tissue*, performed on a Leica BONDTM system using a modified protocol F.
Both sections were pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with sodium citrate buffer (pH6, epitope retrieval solution 1) for 20mins. One section was then treated with 200 enzyme units of alkaline phosphatase (AP+) for 1 hour at 37°C; and the other in buffer containing no alkaline phosphatase (AP-) for 1 hour at 37°C. The sections were then incubated with ab195242, 3μg/ml, for 15 mins at room temperature and detected using an HRP conjugated compact polymer system. DAB was used as the chromogen. The sections were then counterstained with haematoxylin and mounted with DPX.
Identical assays were also performed using detection system-only (no primary antibody) as reagent controls (data not shown), to ensure that staining seen was a result of the binding of the primary antibody.
The absence of staining in the AP+ tissue compared to the AP- tissue adds further evidence of phospho specificity for this antibody.
For other IHC staining systems (automated and non-automated) customers should optimize variable parameters such as antigen retrieval conditions, primary antibody concentration and antibody incubation times.
*Tissue obtained from the Human Research Tissue Bank, supported by the NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre
Mice were fed ad libitum or starved for 16 hours. Quadricep muscle were immediately harvested and fixed in 10% formalin for 2 days. The samples were then paraffin embedded, sectioned into 4μm thick slices, and mounted onto glass microscope slides. Slides were stained with primary antibody overnight at 4˚C: LC3B 1/1000, pATG16L1 (ab195242) 1/300. Secondary antibody: Alexa Fluor 555 anti-rabbit, 1/1000.
Polyclonal population of ATG16L1 KO and HA-ATG16L1 reconstituted cells were starved of amino acid for 1 hour and stained. Blocking buffer used for pATG16L1 staining: 0.1% BSA, 1x abcam blocking buffer 10X Blocking Buffer ab126587, diluted in PBS. Anti-pATG16L1 (ab195242) concentration: 1/150. Anti-ATG16L1, concentration: 1/200 Secondary antibody (Alexa Fluor 647/488) concentration: 1/1000.
MEF cells were amino acid starved for 1 hour. Blocking buffer used for pATG16L1 (ab195242): 0.1% BSA, 1x abcam blocking buffer (10X Blocking Buffer ab126587), diluted in PBS. Anti-pATG16L1 (ab195242) concentration: 1/150. Secondary antibody (Alexa Fluor 647) concentration: 1/1000
HCT116 wild-type and ATG16L1 knockout cells were incubated with either complete media or amino acid deficient DMEM for 3 hours. 5ug of whole cell lysate were resolved by SDS-PAGE on a 6%-18% gradient gel, then transferred onto PVDF membrane. Membrane was blocked in 10X blocking buffer (Cat # 10X Blocking Buffer ab126587) diluted in TBS solution for 30 minutes; incubated with 1:1000 primary antibody in 2.5% BSA TBST solution overnight at 4˚C ; incubated with 1:15000 secondary antibody in 2% milk TBST solution for 45 minutes. Immobilon ECL was applied for 1 minute then imaged with film.
All lanes: Western blot - Anti-ATG16L1 (phospho S278) antibody [EPR19016] (ab195242)
Developed using the ECL technique.
Predicted band size: 68 kDa
Blocking/Dilution buffer: 5% NFDM/TBST.
All lanes: Western blot - Anti-ATG16L1 (phospho S278) antibody [EPR19016] (ab195242) at 1/1000 dilution
Lane 1: HEK-293 (human epithelial cell line from embryonic kidney) transfected with an empty vector (vector control), containing a myc-His-tag®, whole cell lysate at 10 µg
Lane 2: HEK-293 (human epithelial cell line from embryonic kidney) transfected with ATG16L1 (WT) expression vector containing a myc-His-tag®, whole cell lysate at 10 µg
Lane 3: HEK-293 (human epithelial cell line from embryonic kidney) transfected with ATG16L1 (WT) expression vector containing a myc-His-tag®, followed by treatment with alkaline phosphatase for 1 hour, whole cell lysate at 10 µg
Lane 4: HEK-293 (human epithelial cell line from embryonic kidney) transfected with ATG16L1 S278A expression vector containing a myc-His-tag®, whole cell lysate at 10 µg
All lanes: Western blot - Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) (Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) ab97051) at 1/100000 dilution
Developed using the ECL technique.
Predicted band size: 68 kDa
Observed band size: 68 kDa
Exposure time: 3min
Dot blot analysis of ATG16L1 (phospho S278) labeled with ab195242 at 1/1,000 dilution.
Lane 1: Mouse ATG16L1 (phospho S278) peptide;
Lane 2: Mouse ATG16L1 non-phospho peptide;
Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) (Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) ab97051) at 1/100,000 dilution was used as secondary antibody.
Blocking/Dilution buffer: 5% NFDM/TBST.
Exposure time: 3 minutes.
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