Rabbit Polyclonal ATG4D antibody. Suitable for IHC-P, ICC/IF and reacts with Mouse, Human samples. Cited in 5 publications. Immunogen corresponding to Recombinant Fragment Protein within Human ATG4D aa 200-450.
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Publications
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- Fertility and sterility 112:1150-11592019Autophagy up-regulation by ulipristal acetate as a novel target mechanism in the treatment of uterine leiomyoma: an in vitro study.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesBarbara Del Bello,Paola Marcolongo,Pasquapina Ciarmela,Flavia Sorbi,Felice Petraglia,Stefano Luisi,Emilia MaellaroPubMed 31843092
- Cell death discovery 3:170412017Defective expression of ATG4D abrogates autophagy and promotes growth in human uterine fibroids.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesAbdeljabar El Andaloussi et. al.PubMed 28815060
- Medicine 96:e76912017MECP2 expression in gastric cancer and its correlation with clinical pathological parameters.Applications:WB, IHCReactive species:HumanJing Zhang,Junmei Zhao,Ning Gao,Yanfeng Wang,Yani Chen,Jiming HanPubMed 28767600
- Autophagy 13:506-5212016Transcriptional regulation of core autophagy and lysosomal genes by the androgen receptor promotes prostate cancer progression.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesAlicia M Blessing,Kimal Rajapakshe,Lakshmi Reddy Bollu,Yan Shi,Mark A White,Alexander H Pham,Chenchu Lin,Philip Jonsson,Constanza J Cortes,Edwin Cheung,Albert R La Spada,Robert C Bast,Fatima A Merchant,Cristian Coarfa,Daniel E FrigoPubMed 27977328
- Blood 123:3622-342014The core autophagy protein ATG4B is a potential biomarker and therapeutic target in CML stem/progenitor cells.
Key facts
- Isotype
- IgG
- Host species
- Rabbit
- Storage buffer
pH: 7
Preservative: 0.025% Proclin 300
Constituents: 79% PBS, 20% Glycerol (glycerin, glycerine)- Form
- Liquid
- Clonality
- Polyclonal
Immunogen
- Recombinant Fragment Protein within Human ATG4D aa 200-450. The exact immunogen used to generate this antibody is proprietary information. Database link Q86TL0
Reactivity data
Select an application| IHC-P | ICC/IF | |
|---|---|---|
| Human | Tested | Tested |
| Mouse | Tested | Expected |
| Rat | Predicted | Predicted |
| Cow | Predicted | Predicted |
| Pig | Predicted | Predicted |
IHC-P
TestedTested
| Species | Dilution info | Notes |
|---|---|---|
Species Mouse | Dilution info 1/100.00000 - 1/1000.00000 | Notes Perform heat-mediated antigen retrieval with citrate buffer pH 6 before commencing with IHC staining protocol. |
Species Human | Dilution info 1/100.00000 - 1/1000.00000 | Notes Perform heat-mediated antigen retrieval with citrate buffer pH 6 before commencing with IHC staining protocol. |
PredictedPredicted
| Species | Dilution info | Notes |
|---|---|---|
Species Rat, Cow, Pig | Dilution info - | Notes - |
ICC/IF
TestedTested
| Species | Dilution info | Notes |
|---|---|---|
Species Human | Dilution info 1/100.00000 - 1/1000.00000 | Notes - |
ExpectedExpected
| Species | Dilution info | Notes |
|---|---|---|
Species Mouse | Dilution info Use at an assay dependent concentration. | Notes - |
PredictedPredicted
| Species | Dilution info | Notes |
|---|---|---|
Species Rat, Cow, Pig | Dilution info - | Notes - |
Associated Products
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Target data
Function
Cysteine protease ATG4D. Cysteine protease that plays a key role in autophagy by mediating both proteolytic activation and delipidation of ATG8 family proteins (PubMed:21177865, PubMed:29458288, PubMed:30661429). The protease activity is required for proteolytic activation of ATG8 family proteins: cleaves the C-terminal amino acid of ATG8 proteins MAP1LC3 and GABARAPL2, to reveal a C-terminal glycine (PubMed:21177865). Exposure of the glycine at the C-terminus is essential for ATG8 proteins conjugation to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and insertion to membranes, which is necessary for autophagy (By similarity). In addition to the protease activity, also mediates delipidation of ATG8 family proteins (PubMed:29458288, PubMed:33909989). Catalyzes delipidation of PE-conjugated forms of ATG8 proteins during macroautophagy (PubMed:29458288, PubMed:33909989). Also involved in non-canonical autophagy, a parallel pathway involving conjugation of ATG8 proteins to single membranes at endolysosomal compartments, by catalyzing delipidation of ATG8 proteins conjugated to phosphatidylserine (PS) (PubMed:33909989). ATG4D plays a role in the autophagy-mediated neuronal homeostasis in the central nervous system (By similarity). Compared to other members of the family (ATG4A, ATG4B or ATG4C), constitutes the major protein for the delipidation activity, while it promotes weak proteolytic activation of ATG8 proteins (By similarity). Involved in phagophore growth during mitophagy independently of its protease activity and of ATG8 proteins: acts by regulating ATG9A trafficking to mitochondria and promoting phagophore-endoplasmic reticulum contacts during the lipid transfer phase of mitophagy (PubMed:33773106). Cysteine protease ATG4D, mitochondrial. Plays a role as an autophagy regulator that links mitochondrial dysfunction with apoptosis. The mitochondrial import of ATG4D during cellular stress and differentiation may play important roles in the regulation of mitochondrial physiology, ROS, mitophagy and cell viability.
Alternative names
APG4D, AUTL4, ATG4D, Cysteine protease ATG4D, AUT-like 4 cysteine endopeptidase, Autophagy-related cysteine endopeptidase 4, Autophagy-related protein 4 homolog D, Autophagin-4, HsAPG4D
Recommended products
Rabbit Polyclonal ATG4D antibody. Suitable for IHC-P, ICC/IF and reacts with Mouse, Human samples. Cited in 5 publications. Immunogen corresponding to Recombinant Fragment Protein within Human ATG4D aa 200-450.
Key facts
- Isotype
- IgG
- Host species
- Rabbit
- Storage buffer
pH: 7
Preservative: 0.025% Proclin 300
Constituents: 79% PBS, 20% Glycerol (glycerin, glycerine)- Form
- Liquid
- Clonality
- Polyclonal
- Immunogen
- Recombinant Fragment Protein within Human ATG4D aa 200-450. The exact immunogen used to generate this antibody is proprietary information. Database link Q86TL0
- Purification technique
- Affinity purification Immunogen
- Concentration
Storage
- Shipped at conditions
- Blue Ice
- Appropriate short-term storage duration
- 1-2 weeks
- Appropriate short-term storage conditions
- +4°C
- Appropriate long-term storage conditions
- -20°C
- Aliquoting information
- Upon delivery aliquot
- Storage information
- Avoid freeze / thaw cycle
Notes
Abcam is leading the way to address reproducibility in scientific research with our highly validated recombinant monoclonal and recombinant multiclonal antibodies. Search & select one of Abcam's thousands of recombinant alternatives to eliminate batch-variability and unnecessary animal use.
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Supplementary info
- This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.
- Activity summary
ATG4D also known as Autophagin-4 is a protein that plays a mechanical role in the autophagy process. It is an integral cysteine protease with a molecular mass of around 50 kDa. This protein is expressed across various tissues prominently in skeletal and cardiac muscle as well as in the nervous system. Its mechanical function involves the cleavage of LC3 proteins and other ATG8 family members which are essential steps for autophagosome maturation and function.
- Biological function summary
The action of ATG4D facilitates the cellular autophagy process. It is not part of a larger protein complex but functions independently to regulate the recycling of cytoplasmic components. By ensuring the proper processing of LC3 ATG4D supports the degradation of damaged organelles and proteins maintaining cellular homeostasis. The protein’s involvement in pathways promotes cellular survival during stress conditions such as nutrient deprivation.
- Pathways
ATG4D primarily participates in the autophagy and mitophagy pathways. It is closely related to proteins such as ATG3 and ATG7 which coordinate to ensure the efficient conjugation and lipidation of ATG8 family members. In the mitophagy pathway it contributes to the selective degradation of mitochondria stabilizing mitochondrial quality control which is important for energy balance in cells.
- Associated diseases and disorders
ATG4D has connections to neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Abnormal autophagy processes where ATG4D functions can contribute to conditions such as Parkinson's disease where defective mitophagy leads to neuronal cell death. In cancer the regulation of autophagy by ATG4D can influence tumor development and progression. Proteins such as p62/SQSTM1 linked to autophagy and parkin linked to mitophagy further demonstrate the role of ATG4D in these diseases indicating its importance in pathological conditions.
Product promise
Tested
We have tested this species and application combination and it works. It is covered by our product promise.
Expected
We have not tested this specific species and application combination in-house, but expect it will work. It is covered by our product promise.
Predicted
This species and application combination has not been tested, but we predict it will work based on strong homology. However, this combination is not covered by our product promise.
Not recommended
We do not recommend this combination. It is not covered by our product promise.
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3 product images
Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence - Anti-ATG4D antibody (ab137621)
HEK-293T cells stained for ATG4D (green) using ab137621 at 1/500 dilution in ICC/IF.
Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-ATG4D antibody (ab137621)
Paraffin embedded mouse ovary tissue stained for ATG4D using ab137621 at 1/500 dilution in immunohistochemical analysis.
Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-ATG4D antibody (ab137621)
ab137621 at a 1/100 dilution, staining ATG4D in paraffin embedded SAS xenograft tissue by Immunohistochemistry.
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