Anti-ATPB antibody [7E3F2] - Mitochondrial Marker

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

ATPB also known as ATP synthase subunit beta is an essential protein component of the ATP synthase complex. It has an approximate mass of 52 kDa and is primarily expressed in the mitochondria. The protein's role is to catalyze the production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) from adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and inorganic phosphate utilizing the proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane. This process is central to the cellular energy production often referred to as oxidative phosphorylation. ATPB is frequently used as a mitochondrial marker in research making it an important target for antibodies such as those conjugated with Alexa Fluor 647 for immunofluorescence applications.

Biological function summary

ATPB functions as part of the mitochondrial ATP synthase complex which is also known as complex V of the electron transport chain. This complex is important for maintaining cellular energy homeostasis through ATP production. ATPB contributes to the catalytic activity necessary for ATP synthesis therefore supporting various cellular processes that require energy input such as muscle contraction and active transport. The protein also plays a role in coupling the proton motive force to ATP synthesis a function critical for mitochondrial efficiency and metabolic health.

Pathways

ATPB involves itself significantly in the oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis pathways. It partners with other proteins in the ATP synthase complex such as ATP synthase subunit alpha (ATP5A1) to effectuate the conversion of energy. In the broader scope of energy metabolism ATPB integrates with glycolysis where glycolytic end-products feed into oxidative phosphorylation sustaining the cell’s energy currency. Both pathways are important for cells especially in tissues with high energy demands like the heart and skeletal muscles.

Associated diseases and disorders

ATPB has been implicated in mitochondrial dysfunction-related diseases such as mitochondrial myopathy and Leigh syndrome. These conditions often result from mutations or defects in components of the electron transport chain leading to impaired ATP production. ATPB’s close connection to ATP5A1 and other complex V proteins highlights its involvement in these disorders. Understanding ATPB's role and function helps in disease mechanism elucidation and potentially offers targets for therapeutic interventions in mitochondrial-related diseases.