Rabbit Recombinant Monoclonal ATR phospho S428 antibody. Suitable for IHC-P, Dot, WB and reacts with Human, Synthetic peptide samples. Cited in 23 publications.
Images
![Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-ATR (phospho S428) antibody [EPR2184] (AB178407), expandable thumbnail](https://content.abcam.com/products/images/atr-phospho-s428-antibody-epr2184-ab178407--immunohistochemistry-formalin-pfa-fixed-paraffin-embedded-sections-img186246.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/webp-475.webp "Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-ATR (phospho S428) antibody [EPR2184] (AB178407)")
![Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-ATR (phospho S428) antibody [EPR2184] (AB178407), expandable thumbnail](https://content.abcam.com/products/images/atr-phospho-s428-antibody-epr2184-ab178407--immunohistochemistry-formalin-pfa-fixed-paraffin-embedded-sections-img173651.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/webp-475.webp "Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-ATR (phospho S428) antibody [EPR2184] (AB178407)")
![Western blot - Anti-ATR (phospho S428) antibody [EPR2184] (AB178407), expandable thumbnail](https://content.abcam.com/products/images/atr-phospho-s428-antibody-epr2184-ab178407--western-blot-img181140.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/webp-475.webp "Western blot - Anti-ATR (phospho S428) antibody [EPR2184] (AB178407)")
![Dot Blot - Anti-ATR (phospho S428) antibody [EPR2184] (AB178407), expandable thumbnail](https://content.abcam.com/products/images/atr-phospho-s428-antibody-epr2184-ab178407--dot-blot-img174799.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/webp-475.webp "Dot Blot - Anti-ATR (phospho S428) antibody [EPR2184] (AB178407)")
![Western blot - Anti-ATR (phospho S428) antibody [EPR2184] (AB178407), expandable thumbnail](https://content.abcam.com/products/images/atr-phospho-s428-antibody-epr2184-ab178407--western-blot-img442154.jpg/_jcr_content/renditions/webp-475.webp "Western blot - Anti-ATR (phospho S428) antibody [EPR2184] (AB178407)")
Publications
Filter by
- Nature communications 14:74302023Repression of LSD1 potentiates homologous recombination-proficient ovarian cancer to PARP inhibitors through down-regulation of BRCA1/2 and RAD51.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesLei Tao,Yue Zhou,Xiangyu Pan,Yuan Luo,Jiahao Qiu,Xia Zhou,Zhiqian Chen,Yan Li,Lian Xu,Yang Zhou,Zeping Zuo,Chunqi Liu,Liang Wang,Xiaocong Liu,Xinyu Tian,Na Su,Zhengnan Yang,Yu Zhang,Kun Gou,Na Sang,Huan Liu,Jiao Zou,Yuzhou Xiao,Xi Zhong,Jing Xu,Xinyu Yang,Kai Xiao,Yanyang Liu,Shengyong Yang,Yong Peng,Junhong Han,Xiaobo Cen,Yinglan ZhaoPubMed 37973845
- Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research 38:427-4422023Bmi-1 Overexpression Improves Sarcopenia Induced by 1,25(OH) D Deficiency and Downregulates GATA4-Dependent Rela Transcription.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesQiuyi Wang,Jingyu Zhao,Haiyun Chen,Jiawen Zhou,Ao Chen,Jin'ge Zhang,Yue Wang,Zhiyuan Mao,Jiachen Wang,Xuehan Qiu,Yutong Chen,Rong Wang,Yongjie Zhang,Dengshun Miao,Jianliang JinPubMed 36625422
- Scientific reports 12:197522022Ginsenoside Rh2 sensitizes the anti-cancer effects of sunitinib by inducing cell cycle arrest in renal cell carcinoma.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesHyun Ji Hwang,Seong Hwi Hong,Hong Sang Moon,Young Eun Yoon,Sung Yul ParkPubMed 36396667
- The Journal of pathology 259:194-2042022Nuclear pCHK1 as a potential biomarker of increased sensitivity to ATR inhibition.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesVignesh Sundararajan,Tuan Zea Tan,Diana Lim,Yanfen Peng,Antje Margret Wengner,Natalie Yan Li Ngoi,Anand D Jeyasekharan,David Shao Peng TanPubMed 36373784
- Cell biology international 47:188-2002022HELQ suppresses migration and proliferation of non-small cell lung cancer cells by repairing DNA damage and inducing necrosis.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesNan Shan Zhong,Wei Lai Tong,Yu Zhang,Shi Ning Xiao,Jia Ming Liu,An An Li,Ge Liang Yao,Qing Lin,Zhi Li LiuPubMed 36183369
- The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry : official journal of the Histochemistry Society 70:199-2102022Prognostic Value of the Immunohistochemical Expression of RAD51 and BRCA2 in Gastric Adenocarcinoma.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesJoel Del Bel Pádua,Carolline Fontes Alves Mariano,Alexandre Todorovic Fabro,Daniela Pretti da Cunha Tirapelli,Ajith Kumar Sankarankutty,José Sebastião Dos Santos,Mariângela Ottoboni BrunaldiPubMed 34978208
- Journal of cellular and molecular medicine 25:11157-111692021MET inhibition enhances PARP inhibitor efficacy in castration-resistant prostate cancer by suppressing the ATM/ATR and PI3K/AKT pathways.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesSihai Zhou,Zhihong Dai,Liang Wang,Xiang Gao,Liqin Yang,Zhenwei Wang,Qi Wang,Zhiyu LiuPubMed 34761497
- Pathology oncology research : POR 27:16098442021Vasculogenic Mimicry Formation Predicts Tumor Progression in Oligodendroglioma.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesJing Xie,Xue Kong,Wei Wang,Yuan Li,Mengyu Lin,Heng Li,Jingjing Chen,Wenchao Zhou,Jie He,Haibo WuPubMed 34483751
- Molecular medicine reports 23:2021Notoginsenoside R1 induces DNA damage via PHF6 protein to inhibit cervical carcinoma cell proliferation.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesTing Cai et. al.PubMed 33537816
- Therapeutic advances in medical oncology 12:17588359209828532020ATR and p-ATR are emerging prognostic biomarkers and DNA damage response targets in ovarian cancer.Applications:Unspecified applicationReactive species:Unspecified reactive speciesWenlong Feng,Dylan C Dean,Francis J Hornicek,Jinglu Wang,Yanyan Jia,Zhenfeng Duan,Huirong ShiPubMed 33854565
Key facts
- Isotype
- IgG
- Host species
- Rabbit
- Storage buffer
pH: 7.2 - 7.4
Preservative: 0.01% Sodium azide
Constituents: 59% PBS, 40% Glycerol (glycerin, glycerine), 0.05% BSA- Form
- Liquid
- Clonality
- Monoclonal
Immunogen
- The exact immunogen used to generate this antibody is proprietary information.
Reactivity data
Select an application| IHC-P | IP | Flow Cyt | Dot | WB | ICC/IF | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Human | Tested | Not recommended | Not recommended | Expected | Tested | Not recommended |
| Mouse | Not recommended | Not recommended | Not recommended | Not recommended | Not recommended | Not recommended |
| Rat | Not recommended | Not recommended | Not recommended | Not recommended | Not recommended | Not recommended |
| Synthetic peptide | Not recommended | Not recommended | Not recommended | Tested | Not recommended | Not recommended |
IHC-P
TestedTested
| Species | Dilution info | Notes |
|---|---|---|
Species Human | Dilution info 1/50 - 1/100 | Notes Perform heat-mediated antigen retrieval before commencing with IHC staining protocol. |
Not recommendedNot recommended
| Species | Dilution info | Notes |
|---|---|---|
Species Mouse | Dilution info - | Notes Perform heat-mediated antigen retrieval before commencing with IHC staining protocol. |
Species Rat | Dilution info - | Notes Perform heat-mediated antigen retrieval before commencing with IHC staining protocol. |
Species Synthetic peptide | Dilution info - | Notes - |
IP
Not recommendedNot recommended
| Species | Dilution info | Notes |
|---|---|---|
Species Mouse, Rat, Human, Synthetic peptide | Dilution info - | Notes - |
Flow Cyt
Not recommendedNot recommended
| Species | Dilution info | Notes |
|---|---|---|
Species Mouse, Rat, Human, Synthetic peptide | Dilution info - | Notes - |
Dot
TestedTested
| Species | Dilution info | Notes |
|---|---|---|
Species Synthetic peptide | Dilution info 1/1000 | Notes - |
ExpectedExpected
| Species | Dilution info | Notes |
|---|---|---|
Species Human | Dilution info Use at an assay dependent concentration. | Notes - |
Not recommendedNot recommended
| Species | Dilution info | Notes |
|---|---|---|
Species Mouse, Rat | Dilution info - | Notes - |
WB
TestedTested
| Species | Dilution info | Notes |
|---|---|---|
Species Human | Dilution info 1/1000 - 1/10000 | Notes - |
Not recommendedNot recommended
| Species | Dilution info | Notes |
|---|---|---|
Species Mouse, Rat, Synthetic peptide | Dilution info - | Notes - |
ICC/IF
Not recommendedNot recommended
| Species | Dilution info | Notes |
|---|---|---|
Species Mouse, Rat, Human, Synthetic peptide | Dilution info - | Notes - |
Associated Products
Select an associated product type
6 products for Alternative Product
Target data
Function
Serine/threonine protein kinase which activates checkpoint signaling upon genotoxic stresses such as ionizing radiation (IR), ultraviolet light (UV), or DNA replication stalling, thereby acting as a DNA damage sensor (PubMed:10597277, PubMed:10608806, PubMed:10859164, PubMed:11721054, PubMed:12791985, PubMed:12814551, PubMed:14657349, PubMed:14729973, PubMed:14742437, PubMed:15210935, PubMed:15496423, PubMed:16260606, PubMed:21144835, PubMed:21777809, PubMed:23273981, PubMed:25083873, PubMed:27723717, PubMed:27723720, PubMed:30139873, PubMed:33848395, PubMed:37788673, PubMed:37832547, PubMed:9427750, PubMed:9636169). Recognizes the substrate consensus sequence [ST]-Q (PubMed:10597277, PubMed:10608806, PubMed:10859164, PubMed:11721054, PubMed:12791985, PubMed:12814551, PubMed:14657349, PubMed:14729973, PubMed:14742437, PubMed:15210935, PubMed:15496423, PubMed:16260606, PubMed:21144835, PubMed:23273981, PubMed:27723717, PubMed:27723720, PubMed:33848395, PubMed:9427750, PubMed:9636169). Phosphorylates BRCA1, CHEK1, MCM2, RAD17, RBBP8, RPA2, SMC1 and p53/TP53, which collectively inhibit DNA replication and mitosis and promote DNA repair, recombination and apoptosis (PubMed:11114888, PubMed:11418864, PubMed:11865061, PubMed:21777809, PubMed:23273981, PubMed:25083873, PubMed:9925639). Phosphorylates 'Ser-139' of histone variant H2AX at sites of DNA damage, thereby regulating DNA damage response mechanism (PubMed:11673449). Required for FANCD2 ubiquitination (PubMed:15314022). Critical for maintenance of fragile site stability and efficient regulation of centrosome duplication (PubMed:12526805). Acts as a regulator of the S-G2 transition by restricting the activity of CDK1 during S-phase to prevent premature entry into G2 (PubMed:30139873). Acts as a regulator of the nuclear envelope integrity in response to DNA damage and stress (PubMed:25083873, PubMed:37788673, PubMed:37832547). Acts as a mechanical stress sensor at the nuclear envelope: relocalizes to the nuclear envelope in response to mechanical stress and mediates a checkpoint via phosphorylation of CHEK1 (PubMed:25083873). Also promotes nuclear envelope rupture in response to DNA damage by mediating phosphorylation of LMNA at 'Ser-282', leading to lamin disassembly (PubMed:37832547). Involved in the inflammatory response to genome instability and double-stranded DNA breaks: acts by localizing to micronuclei arising from genome instability and catalyzing phosphorylation of LMNA at 'Ser-395', priming LMNA for subsequent phosphorylation by CDK1 and micronuclei envelope rupture (PubMed:37788673). The rupture of micronuclear envelope triggers the cGAS-STING pathway thereby activating the type I interferon response and innate immunity (PubMed:37788673). Positively regulates the restart of stalled replication forks following activation by the KHDC3L-OOEP scaffold complex (By similarity).
Alternative names
FRP1, ATR, Serine/threonine-protein kinase ATR, Ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein, FRAP-related protein 1
Recommended products
Rabbit Recombinant Monoclonal ATR phospho S428 antibody. Suitable for IHC-P, Dot, WB and reacts with Human, Synthetic peptide samples. Cited in 23 publications.
Key facts
- Isotype
- IgG
- Host species
- Rabbit
- Storage buffer
pH: 7.2 - 7.4
Preservative: 0.01% Sodium azide
Constituents: 59% PBS, 40% Glycerol (glycerin, glycerine), 0.05% BSA- Form
- Liquid
- Clonality
- Monoclonal
- Immunogen
- The exact immunogen used to generate this antibody is proprietary information.
- Clone number
- EPR2184
- Purification technique
- Affinity purification Protein A
- Specificity
- Stimulation may be required to allow detection of the phosphorylated protein. Please see images below for recommended treatment conditions and positive controls.
- Concentration
Storage
- Shipped at conditions
- Blue Ice
- Appropriate short-term storage duration
- 1-2 weeks
- Appropriate short-term storage conditions
- +4°C
- Appropriate long-term storage conditions
- -20°C
- Aliquoting information
- Upon delivery aliquot
- Storage information
- Avoid freeze / thaw cycle
Notes
Our RabMAb® technology is a patented hybridoma-based technology for making rabbit monoclonal antibodies. For details on our patents, please refer to RabMAb® patents.
This product is a recombinant monoclonal antibody, which offers several advantages including:
- - High batch-to-batch consistency and reproducibility
- - Improved sensitivity and specificity
- - Long-term security of supply
- - Animal-free batch production
For more information, read more on recombinant antibodies.
Supplementary info
- This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.
- Activity summary
ATR also known as Ataxia Telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein is a serine/threonine kinase with a molecular weight of approximately 301 kDa. This protein localizes mainly in the nucleus where it functions as an important component in the cellular response to DNA damage and replication stress. ATR detects DNA strand breaks and ssDNA coated with RPA and becomes activated to phosphorylate several downstream targets initiating the DNA damage response. High expression of ATR occurs in proliferative tissues emphasizing its role in cell cycle regulation.
- Biological function summary
ATR plays an essential role in maintaining genomic stability. It is part of a larger protein complex that includes ATRIP (ATR-interacting protein) which helps in localizing ATR to sites of DNA damage. Once activated ATR phosphorylates various substrates including CHK1 a critical checkpoint kinase involved in cell cycle arrest during DNA repair processes. The ability of ATR to coordinate with these proteins helps cells manage DNA damage effectively and prevent genomic instability.
- Pathways
ATR functions centrally in the DNA damage response and repair mechanisms particularly the ATR-Chk1 pathway. This pathway interacts closely with the ATM (Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated) pathway which also responds to DNA damage but usually to double-strand breaks. ATR primarily acts in response to replication stress and its activation leads to the arrest of the cell cycle allowing DNA repair to occur. This cooperation between ATR and ATM highlights their complementary roles in safeguarding genomic integrity under stress.
- Associated diseases and disorders
ATR mutations and dysregulation have strong associations with cancer and Seckel syndrome. In the context of cancer ATR often works in concert with ATM to manage DNA repair and cancer cells frequently overexpress ATR to cope with high levels of replication stress. This makes ATR a potential target for cancer therapy where its inhibition could sensitize tumor cells to chemotherapy. In Seckel syndrome ATR mutations result in developmental anomalies showcasing the important role ATR plays in cellular replication and repair processes.
Product promise
Tested
We have tested this species and application combination and it works. It is covered by our product promise.
Expected
We have not tested this specific species and application combination in-house, but expect it will work. It is covered by our product promise.
Predicted
This species and application combination has not been tested, but we predict it will work based on strong homology. However, this combination is not covered by our product promise.
Not recommended
We do not recommend this combination. It is not covered by our product promise.
We are dedicated to supporting your work with high quality reagents and we are here for you every step of the way should you need us.
In the unlikely event of one of our products not working as expected, you are covered by our product promise.
Full details and terms and conditions can be found here:
Terms & Conditions.
5 product images
![Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-ATR (phospho S428) antibody [EPR2184] (ab178407), expandable thumbnail](https://content.abcam.com/products/images/atr-phospho-s428-antibody-epr2184-ab178407--immunohistochemistry-formalin-pfa-fixed-paraffin-embedded-sections-img186246.jpg "Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-ATR (phospho S428) antibody [EPR2184] (ab178407)")
Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-ATR (phospho S428) antibody [EPR2184] (ab178407)
Immunohistochemical analysis of Paraffin-embedded human thyroid tissue sections labelling ATR with ab178407 at 1/5000 dilution followed by ready to use secondary Rabbit specific IHC polymer detection kit HRP/DAB ab209101 Rabbit specific IHC polymer detection kit HRP/DAB. Counterstained with Hematoxylin. Heat mediated antigen retrieval using Bond™ Epitope Retrieval Solution 2 (pH 9.0) for 20 minutes.
Nuclear staining on human thyroid without alkaline phosphatase (or Lambda Protein Phosphatase) treatment; No signal was detected when tissues were treated with alkaline phosphatase (image B). The section was incubated with ab178407 for 30 mins at room temperature. The immunostaining was performed on a Leica Biosystems BOND® RX instrument
![Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-ATR (phospho S428) antibody [EPR2184] (ab178407), expandable thumbnail](https://content.abcam.com/products/images/atr-phospho-s428-antibody-epr2184-ab178407--immunohistochemistry-formalin-pfa-fixed-paraffin-embedded-sections-img173651.jpg "Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-ATR (phospho S428) antibody [EPR2184] (ab178407)")
Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Anti-ATR (phospho S428) antibody [EPR2184] (ab178407)
Immunohistochemical analysis of Paraffin-embedded human breast tissue sections labelling ATR with ab178407 at 1/5000 dilution followed by ready to use secondary Rabbit specific IHC polymer detection kit HRP/DAB ab209101 Rabbit specific IHC polymer detection kit HRP/DAB. Counterstained with Hematoxylin. Heat mediated antigen retrieval using Bond™ Epitope Retrieval Solution 2 (pH 9.0) for 20 minutes.
Nuclear staining on human breast without alkaline phosphatase (or Lambda Protein Phosphatase) treatment; No signal was detected when tissues were treated with alkaline phosphatase (image B). The section was incubated with ab178407 for 30 mins at room temperature. The immunostaining was performed on a Leica Biosystems BOND® RX instrument
![Western blot - Anti-ATR (phospho S428) antibody [EPR2184] (ab178407), expandable thumbnail](https://content.abcam.com/products/images/atr-phospho-s428-antibody-epr2184-ab178407--western-blot-img181140.jpg "Western blot - Anti-ATR (phospho S428) antibody [EPR2184] (ab178407)")
Western blot - Anti-ATR (phospho S428) antibody [EPR2184] (ab178407)
Blocking and diluting buffer: 5% NFDM/TBST
Exposure time: 60 seconds
We are unsure of the nature of the 160kDa band.
All lanes: Western blot - Anti-ATR (phospho S428) antibody [EPR2184] (ab178407) at 1/1000 dilution
Lane 1: Untreated HeLa (Human cervix adenocarcinoma epithelial cell) whole cell lysate at 15 µg
Lane 2: HeLa treated with 4mM hydroxyurea for 20 hours whole cell lysate at 15 µg
Lane 3: HeLa treated with 4mM hydroxyurea for 20 hours whole cell lysate, then the membrane treated with Alkaline Phosphatase for 1 hour at 15 µg
SecondaryAll lanes: Western blot - Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) (Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) ab97051) at 1/20000 dilution
Predicted band size: 301 kDa
Observed band size: 270 kDa
![Dot Blot - Anti-ATR (phospho S428) antibody [EPR2184] (ab178407), expandable thumbnail](https://content.abcam.com/products/images/atr-phospho-s428-antibody-epr2184-ab178407--dot-blot-img174799.jpg "Dot Blot - Anti-ATR (phospho S428) antibody [EPR2184] (ab178407)")
Dot Blot - Anti-ATR (phospho S428) antibody [EPR2184] (ab178407)
Dot blot analysis using 1/1000 dilution ab178407 and Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG, (H+L), Peroxidase conjugated (Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) ab97051) secondary at 1/100000 dilution.
Blocking and diluting buffer: 5% NFDM/TBST
Lane 1: ATR non-phospho peptide
Lane 2: ATR S428 phospho peptide
Lane 3: ATR S435 phospho peptide
Lane 4: ATR S428+S435 phospho peptide
Exposure time: 3 minutes
![Western blot - Anti-ATR (phospho S428) antibody [EPR2184] (ab178407), expandable thumbnail](https://content.abcam.com/products/images/atr-phospho-s428-antibody-epr2184-ab178407--western-blot-img442154.jpg "Western blot - Anti-ATR (phospho S428) antibody [EPR2184] (ab178407)")
Image collected and cropped by CiteAb under a CC-BY license from the publication
Western blot - Anti-ATR (phospho S428) antibody [EPR2184] (ab178407)
ATR (phospho S428) western blot using anti-ATR (phospho S428) antibody [EPR2184] ab178407. Publication image and figure legend from Celeghin, A., Giunco, S., et al., 2016, Cell Death Dis, PubMed 28032863.
ab178407 was used in this publication in western blot. This may not be the same as the application(s) guaranteed by Abcam. For a full list of applications guaranteed by Abcam for ab178407 please see the product overview.
TERT inhibition activates the ATM and ATR cascades. TERT inhibition by BIBR results in activation of ATM/ATR pathways in 4134/Late, 4134/TERT+, BL41 and BL41/B95.8 cell lines. Cells were treated with BIBR (30 μM) and analyzed after 36 h of exposure by western blot. Phospho-ATM (p-ATM), phospho-ATR (p-ATR), phospho-CHK1 (p-CHK1), phospho-CHK2 (p-CHK2), phospho-p53 (p-p53) and p53 (p53) protein expression, detected by specific antibodies, are shown. Graphs on right: densitometry analysis in arbitrary units performed with ImageJ software (NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA), with value of 1 assigned to DMSO-treated control samples. Gray bars: BIBR-treated cells; black bars: DMSO-treated control cells
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