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AB230831

Anti-ATR (phospho S428) antibody [EPR2184] - BSA and Azide free

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(2 Publications)

Rabbit Recombinant Monoclonal ATR phospho S428 antibody. Carrier free. Suitable for IHC-P, Dot, WB and reacts with Human, Synthetic peptide samples. Cited in 2 publications.

View Alternative Names

FRP1, ATR, Serine/threonine-protein kinase ATR, Ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein, FRAP-related protein 1

1 Images
Dot Blot - Anti-ATR (phospho S428) antibody [EPR2184] - BSA and Azide free (AB230831)
  • Dot

Unknown

Dot Blot - Anti-ATR (phospho S428) antibody [EPR2184] - BSA and Azide free (AB230831)

Dot Blot analysis of Lane 1 : ATR (pS428) phospho peptide and Lane 2 : ATR non-phospho peptide labeling ATR (phospho S428) with ab178407 at 1/1000 dilution. 5% NFDM/TBST was used as the diluting and blocking buffer. ab97051 Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG, (H+L), Peroxidase conjugated was used as the secondary antibody at 1/100000 dilution. Exposure time : 10 seconds.

This data was developed using the same antibody clone in a different buffer formulation containing PBS, BSA, glycerol, and sodium azide (ab178407).

Key facts

Host species

Rabbit

Clonality

Monoclonal

Clone number

EPR2184

Isotype

IgG

Carrier free

Yes

Reacts with

Human

Applications

Dot, WB, IHC-P

applications

Immunogen

The exact immunogen used to generate this antibody is proprietary information.

Specificity

Stimulation may be required to allow detection of the phosphorylated protein. Please see images below for recommended treatment conditions and positive controls.

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Reactivity data

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Product details

ab230831 is the carrier-free version of ab178407.

Conjugation ready
Our carrier-free antibodies are typically supplied in a PBS-only formulation, purified and free of BSA, sodium azide and glycerol. This conjugation-ready format is designed for use with fluorochromes, metal isotopes, oligonucleotides, and enzymes, which makes them ideal for antibody labelling, functional and cell-based assays, flow-based assays (e.g. mass cytometry) and Multiplex Imaging applications.

Use our conjugation kits for antibody conjugates that are ready-to-use in as little as 20 minutes with 1 minute hands-on-time and 100% antibody recovery: available for fluorescent dyes, HRP, biotin and gold.

Compatibility
This product is compatible with the Maxpar® Antibody Labeling Kit from Fluidigm, without the need for antibody preparation. Maxpar® is a trademark of Fluidigm Canada Inc.

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Properties and storage information

Form
Liquid
Purification technique
Affinity purification Protein A
Storage buffer
pH: 7.2 - 7.4 Constituents: PBS
Shipped at conditions
Blue Ice
Appropriate short-term storage conditions
+4°C
Appropriate long-term storage conditions
+4°C
Storage information
Do Not Freeze
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Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

ATR also known as Ataxia Telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein is a serine/threonine kinase with a molecular weight of approximately 301 kDa. This protein localizes mainly in the nucleus where it functions as an important component in the cellular response to DNA damage and replication stress. ATR detects DNA strand breaks and ssDNA coated with RPA and becomes activated to phosphorylate several downstream targets initiating the DNA damage response. High expression of ATR occurs in proliferative tissues emphasizing its role in cell cycle regulation.
Biological function summary

ATR plays an essential role in maintaining genomic stability. It is part of a larger protein complex that includes ATRIP (ATR-interacting protein) which helps in localizing ATR to sites of DNA damage. Once activated ATR phosphorylates various substrates including CHK1 a critical checkpoint kinase involved in cell cycle arrest during DNA repair processes. The ability of ATR to coordinate with these proteins helps cells manage DNA damage effectively and prevent genomic instability.

Pathways

ATR functions centrally in the DNA damage response and repair mechanisms particularly the ATR-Chk1 pathway. This pathway interacts closely with the ATM (Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated) pathway which also responds to DNA damage but usually to double-strand breaks. ATR primarily acts in response to replication stress and its activation leads to the arrest of the cell cycle allowing DNA repair to occur. This cooperation between ATR and ATM highlights their complementary roles in safeguarding genomic integrity under stress.

ATR mutations and dysregulation have strong associations with cancer and Seckel syndrome. In the context of cancer ATR often works in concert with ATM to manage DNA repair and cancer cells frequently overexpress ATR to cope with high levels of replication stress. This makes ATR a potential target for cancer therapy where its inhibition could sensitize tumor cells to chemotherapy. In Seckel syndrome ATR mutations result in developmental anomalies showcasing the important role ATR plays in cellular replication and repair processes.
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Product protocols

For this product, it's our understanding that no specific protocols are required. You can visit:
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Target data

Serine/threonine protein kinase which activates checkpoint signaling upon genotoxic stresses such as ionizing radiation (IR), ultraviolet light (UV), or DNA replication stalling, thereby acting as a DNA damage sensor (PubMed : 10597277, PubMed : 10608806, PubMed : 10859164, PubMed : 11721054, PubMed : 12791985, PubMed : 12814551, PubMed : 14657349, PubMed : 14729973, PubMed : 14742437, PubMed : 15210935, PubMed : 15496423, PubMed : 16260606, PubMed : 21144835, PubMed : 21777809, PubMed : 23273981, PubMed : 25083873, PubMed : 27723717, PubMed : 27723720, PubMed : 30139873, PubMed : 33848395, PubMed : 37788673, PubMed : 37832547, PubMed : 9427750, PubMed : 9636169). Recognizes the substrate consensus sequence [ST]-Q (PubMed : 10597277, PubMed : 10608806, PubMed : 10859164, PubMed : 11721054, PubMed : 12791985, PubMed : 12814551, PubMed : 14657349, PubMed : 14729973, PubMed : 14742437, PubMed : 15210935, PubMed : 15496423, PubMed : 16260606, PubMed : 21144835, PubMed : 23273981, PubMed : 27723717, PubMed : 27723720, PubMed : 33848395, PubMed : 9427750, PubMed : 9636169). Phosphorylates BRCA1, CHEK1, MCM2, RAD17, RBBP8, RPA2, SMC1 and p53/TP53, which collectively inhibit DNA replication and mitosis and promote DNA repair, recombination and apoptosis (PubMed : 11114888, PubMed : 11418864, PubMed : 11865061, PubMed : 21777809, PubMed : 23273981, PubMed : 25083873, PubMed : 9925639). Phosphorylates 'Ser-139' of histone variant H2AX at sites of DNA damage, thereby regulating DNA damage response mechanism (PubMed : 11673449). Required for FANCD2 ubiquitination (PubMed : 15314022). Critical for maintenance of fragile site stability and efficient regulation of centrosome duplication (PubMed : 12526805). Acts as a regulator of the S-G2 transition by restricting the activity of CDK1 during S-phase to prevent premature entry into G2 (PubMed : 30139873). Acts as a regulator of the nuclear envelope integrity in response to DNA damage and stress (PubMed : 25083873, PubMed : 37788673, PubMed : 37832547). Acts as a mechanical stress sensor at the nuclear envelope : relocalizes to the nuclear envelope in response to mechanical stress and mediates a checkpoint via phosphorylation of CHEK1 (PubMed : 25083873). Also promotes nuclear envelope rupture in response to DNA damage by mediating phosphorylation of LMNA at 'Ser-282', leading to lamin disassembly (PubMed : 37832547). Involved in the inflammatory response to genome instability and double-stranded DNA breaks : acts by localizing to micronuclei arising from genome instability and catalyzing phosphorylation of LMNA at 'Ser-395', priming LMNA for subsequent phosphorylation by CDK1 and micronuclei envelope rupture (PubMed : 37788673). The rupture of micronuclear envelope triggers the cGAS-STING pathway thereby activating the type I interferon response and innate immunity (PubMed : 37788673). Positively regulates the restart of stalled replication forks following activation by the KHDC3L-OOEP scaffold complex (By similarity).
See full target information ATR phospho S428
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Publications (2)

Recent publications for all applications. Explore the full list and refine your search

Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics 24:1821-1830 PubMed35616648

2022

Cancer Risk C (CR-C), a functional genomics test is a sensitive and rapid test for germline mismatch repair deficiency.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Ishraq Alim,Johnny Loke,Sarah Yam,Allyson S Templeton,Polly Newcomb,Noralane M Lindor,Rish K Pai,Mark A Jenkins,Daniel D Buchanan,Steven Gallinger,Susan Klugman,Harry Ostrer

Scientific reports 7:8078 PubMed28808232

2017

Analysis of the ATR-Chk1 and ATM-Chk2 pathways in male breast cancer revealed the prognostic significance of ATR expression.

Applications

IHC

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Anna Di Benedetto,Cristiana Ercolani,Marcella Mottolese,Francesca Sperati,Laura Pizzuti,Patrizia Vici,Irene Terrenato,Abeer M Shaaban,Matthew P Humphries,Luigi Di Lauro,Maddalena Barba,Ilio Vitale,Gennaro Ciliberto,Valerie Speirs,Ruggero De Maria,Marcello Maugeri-Saccà
View all publications
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