Anti-Azurocidin antibody [EPR9503]

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

Azurocidin also known as heparin-binding protein or CAP37 is a serine protease homolog with a molecular mass of approximately 37 kDa. Unlike other serine proteases it doesn’t have protease activity due to specific structural changes in its catalytic triad. Azurocidin expresses mainly in azurophilic granules of neutrophils and monocytes. Upon activation these cells release it into the extracellular environment where it exerts its functions.

Biological function summary

Azurocidin plays a role in innate immune responses by promoting leukocyte recruitment and increasing vascular permeability. It does not form a part of any known enzyme complex though cooperates with other proteins to mount an effective defense against pathogens. Azurocidin works by acting as an antimicrobial agent demonstrating activity against a variety of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. It also modulates inflammatory responses and impacts cellular signaling.

Pathways

Azurocidin contributes to the innate immune signaling pathways and inflammation processes. It interacts with the inflammatory cascade by promoting the chemotaxis of monocytes and macrophages. Azurocidin relates to other inflammation modulating proteins such as cathepsin G and elastase which also originate from neutrophil granules. The interplay between these proteins forms a network that amplifies and sustains immune responses during infection or tissue injury.

Associated diseases and disorders

Researchers associate azurocidin with conditions characterized by excessive inflammation such as sepsis and rheumatoid arthritis. During these conditions azurocidin's activity tends to increase contributing to pathophysiological developments. It connects particularly to proteinase 3 during inflammatory response in rheumatoid arthritis where they jointly participate in the degradation of cartilage and perpetuation of inflammation. In sepsis its role in increasing vascular permeability and promoting immune cell infiltration can intensify the inflammatory damage seen in patients.