AB34992

Anti-beta subunit Cholera Toxin antibody

Name: Anti-beta subunit Cholera Toxin antibody (ab34992) | Abcam
Brand: Abcam Limited
SKU: AB34992
Price: 430 USD
Availability: InStock

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(31 Publications)

Rabbit Polyclonal CHTB antibody. Suitable for ID, ELISA and reacts with Vibrio cholerae samples. Cited in 31 publications.

View Alternative Names

toxB, VC_1456, ctxB, Cholera enterotoxin subunit B, Cholera enterotoxin B chain, Cholera enterotoxin gamma chain, Choleragenoid

Key facts

Host species

Rabbit

Clonality

Polyclonal

Isotype

IgG

Carrier free

Reacts with

Vibrio cholerae

Applications

ELISA, ID

applications

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Reactivity data

{ "title": "Reactivity Data", "filters": { "stats": ["", "Species", "Dilution Info", "Notes"], "tabs": { "all-applications": {"fullname" : "All Applications", "shortname": "All Applications"}, "ID" : {"fullname" : "Immunodiffusion", "shortname":"ID"}, "ELISA" : {"fullname" : "ELISA", "shortname":"ELISA"} }, "product-promise": { "all": "all", "testedAndGuaranteed": "tested", "guaranteed": "expected", "predicted": "predicted", "notRecommended": "not-recommended" } }, "values": { "Vibrio cholerae": { "ID-species-checked": "guaranteed", "ID-species-dilution-info": "", "ID-species-notes": "<p></p>", "ELISA-species-checked": "guaranteed", "ELISA-species-dilution-info": "", "ELISA-species-notes": "<p></p>" } } }

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Properties and storage information

Form

Liquid

Purification technique

Affinity purification Protein A

Purification notes

>95% pure

Storage buffer

pH: 7.4 Preservative: 0.1% Sodium azide Constituents: PBS

Shipped at conditions

Blue Ice

Appropriate short-term storage conditions

+4°C

Appropriate long-term storage conditions

-20°C

Aliquoting information

Upon delivery aliquot

Storage information

Avoid freeze / thaw cycle

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Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

The beta subunit of Cholera Toxin also known as Cholera Toxin B or CTB is a part of the cholera toxin complex produced by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. This subunit is non-toxic and forms a pentamer of identical B subunits each with a mass of approximately 11.6 kDa. The beta subunit facilitates the attachment of the toxin to the ganglioside GM1 receptors on the intestinal epithelium where it then enables internalization of the active A subunit into the host cells. CTB is primarily expressed in pathogenic strains of Vibrio cholerae during infection.

Biological function summary

The beta subunit engages in the initial binding steps of cholera toxin to host cells. It plays an important role in the receptor-mediated endocytosis of the whole cholera toxin complex. This binding leads to the translocation of the enzymatically active A subunit into the cytosol where it can then exert its effects. The beta subunit does not act alone but operates as part of the larger cholera toxin complex which is essential for efficient toxin uptake and subsequent pathogenic processes.

Pathways

The beta subunit's function is integral to the cholera toxin pathway which involves uptake and movement of the toxin into the cell. Upon binding to GM1 gangliosides via CTB the cholera toxin gets endocytosed and trafficked to the Golgi and then the endoplasmic reticulum where the A subunit eventually modifies a regulatory G-protein. This alteration leads to an increase in cAMP levels. The pathway heavily relies on the beta subunit's binding affinity for GM1 distinguishing it from other toxins and allows the cholera toxin to utilize the endocytic pathways effectively.

The beta subunit of Cholera Toxin is deeply linked to the infectious disease cholera which is characterized by severe diarrhea and dehydration. While CTB by itself is not toxic its role in facilitating the uptake of the toxic A subunit is central to the pathogenesis of cholera. Disruptions involving proteins like the G-proteins and increased cAMP levels influenced by the cholera toxin pathway lead to altered secretory processes in the intestinal cells that manifest as the symptoms of cholera.

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Product protocols

For this product, it's our understanding that no specific protocols are required. You can visit:

Visit the General protocols
Visit the Troubleshooting

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Target data

The B subunit pentameric ring directs the A subunit to its target by binding to the GM1 gangliosides present on the surface of the intestinal epithelial cells. It can bind five GM1 gangliosides. It has no toxic activity by itself.

See full target information ctxB

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Publications (31)

Recent publications for all applications. Explore the full list and refine your search

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 122:e2418249122 PubMed40063795

2025

Astrocytes in the mouse brain respond bilaterally to unilateral retinal neurodegeneration.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Melissa L Cooper,Holly K Gildea,Maria Clara Selles,Eleni Katafygiotou,Shane A Liddelow,Moses V Chao

Journal of microbiology and biotechnology 34:1757-1768 PubMed39187456

2024

Variations in the Antivirulence Effects of Fatty Acids and Virstatin against Strains.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Donghyun Lee,Jayun Joo,Hunseok Choi,Seonghyeon Son,Jonghyun Bae,Dong Wook Kim,Eun Jin Kim

Toxins 15: PubMed37624264

2023

Expression of Cholera Toxin (CT) and the Toxin Co-Regulated Pilus (TCP) by Variants of ToxT in Strains.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Donghyun Lee,Hunseok Choi,Seonghyeon Son,Jonghyun Bae,Jayun Joo,Dong Wook Kim,Eun Jin Kim

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 120:e2218830120 PubMed37399414

2023

A functional logic for neurotransmitter corelease in the cholinergic forebrain pathway.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Aditya Nair,Yue Yang Teo,George J Augustine,Martin Graf

Nature biomedical engineering 6:1298-1316 PubMed35835995

2022

Mapping and targeted viral activation of pancreatic nerves in mice reveal their roles in the regulation of glucose metabolism.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

M Jimenez-Gonzalez,R Li,L E Pomeranz,A Alvarsson,R Marongiu,R F Hampton,M G Kaplitt,R C Vasavada,G J Schwartz,S A Stanley

Cell reports 38:110556 PubMed35320722

2022

Unique molecular features and cellular responses differentiate two populations of motor cortical layer 5b neurons in a preclinical model of ALS.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Maria V Moya,Rachel D Kim,Meghana N Rao,Bianca A Cotto,Sarah B Pickett,Caroline E Sferrazza,Nathaniel Heintz,Eric F Schmidt

Cell chemical biology 29:84-97.e8 PubMed34331854

2021

A photo-cross-linking GlcNAc analog enables covalent capture of N-linked glycoprotein-binding partners on the cell surface.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Han Wu,Asif Shajahan,Jeong-Yeh Yang,Emanuela Capota,Amberlyn M Wands,Connie M Arthur,Sean R Stowell,Kelley W Moremen,Parastoo Azadi,Jennifer J Kohler

Nature neuroscience 24:685-693 PubMed33782621

2021

An inhibitory hippocampal-thalamic pathway modulates remote memory retrieval.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Gisella Vetere,Frances Xia,Adam I Ramsaran,Lina M Tran,Sheena A Josselyn,Paul W Frankland

Nature neuroscience 24:572-583 PubMed33589834

2021

Single-cell transcriptomic analysis of the adult mouse spinal cord reveals molecular diversity of autonomic and skeletal motor neurons.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Jacob A Blum,Sandy Klemm,Jennifer L Shadrach,Kevin A Guttenplan,Lisa Nakayama,Arwa Kathiria,Phuong T Hoang,Olivia Gautier,Julia A Kaltschmidt,William J Greenleaf,Aaron D Gitler

Frontiers in neuroanatomy 14:600555 PubMed33328908

2020

The CSF-Contacting Nucleus Receives Anatomical Inputs From the Cerebral Cortex: A Combination of Retrograde Tracing and 3D Reconstruction Study in Rat.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Si-Yuan Song,Xiao-Meng Zhai,Jia-Hao Dai,Lei-Lei Lu,Cheng-Jing Shan,Jia Hong,Jun-Li Cao,Li-Cai Zhang

View all publications

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Product promise

We are committed to supporting your work with high-quality reagents, and we're here for you every step of the way. In the unlikely event that one of our products does not perform as expected, you're protected by our Product Promise.

For full details, please see our Terms & Conditions

Please note: All products are 'FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY. NOT FOR USE IN DIAGNOSTIC OR THERAPEUTIC PROCEDURES'.

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Anti-beta subunit Cholera Toxin antibody

Key facts

Host species

Clonality

Isotype

Carrier free

Reacts with

Applications

Reactivity data

Properties and storage information

Form

Purification technique

Purification notes

Storage buffer

Shipped at conditions

Appropriate short-term storage conditions

Appropriate long-term storage conditions

Aliquoting information

Storage information

Supplementary information

Biological function summary

Pathways

Product protocols

Target data

Publications (31)

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