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Rabbit Recombinant Monoclonal ISG15 antibody - conjugated to Biotin. Suitable for IHC-P and reacts with Human samples.

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Images

Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Biotin Anti-ISG15 antibody [EPR24482-49] (AB317077), expandable thumbnail
  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Biotin Anti-ISG15 antibody [EPR24482-49] (AB317077), expandable thumbnail
  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Biotin Anti-ISG15 antibody [EPR24482-49] (AB317077), expandable thumbnail

Key facts

Isotype
IgG
Host species
Rabbit
Conjugation
Biotin
Storage buffer

pH: 7.4
Preservative: 0.02% Sodium azide
Constituents: 68% PBS, 30% Glycerol (glycerin, glycerine), 1% BSA

Form
Liquid
Clonality
Monoclonal

Immunogen

  • The exact immunogen used to generate this antibody is proprietary information.

Reactivity data

Select an application
Product promiseTestedExpectedPredictedNot recommended
IHC-P
Human
Tested

Tested
Tested

Species
Human
Dilution info
1/100
Notes

Perform heat-mediated antigen retrieval with Tris/EDTA buffer pH 9.0 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.

Target data

Function

Ubiquitin-like protein which plays a key role in the innate immune response to viral infection either via its conjugation to a target protein (ISGylation) or via its action as a free or unconjugated protein (PubMed:27564865). ISGylation involves a cascade of enzymatic reactions involving E1, E2, and E3 enzymes which catalyze the conjugation of ISG15 to a lysine residue in the target protein (PubMed:33727702). Its target proteins include IFIT1, MX1/MxA, PPM1B, UBE2L6, UBA7, CHMP5, CHMP2A, CHMP4B and CHMP6. Isgylation of the viral sensor IFIH1/MDA5 promotes IFIH1/MDA5 oligomerization and triggers activation of innate immunity against a range of viruses, including coronaviruses, flaviviruses and picornaviruses (PubMed:33727702). Can also isgylate: EIF2AK2/PKR which results in its activation, RIGI which inhibits its function in antiviral signaling response, EIF4E2 which enhances its cap structure-binding activity and translation-inhibition activity, UBE2N and UBE2E1 which negatively regulates their activity, IRF3 which inhibits its ubiquitination and degradation and FLNB which prevents its ability to interact with the upstream activators of the JNK cascade thereby inhibiting IFNA-induced JNK signaling. Exhibits antiviral activity towards both DNA and RNA viruses, including influenza A, HIV-1 and Ebola virus. Restricts HIV-1 and ebola virus via disruption of viral budding. Inhibits the ubiquitination of HIV-1 Gag and host TSG101 and disrupts their interaction, thereby preventing assembly and release of virions from infected cells. Inhibits Ebola virus budding mediated by the VP40 protein by disrupting ubiquitin ligase activity of NEDD4 and its ability to ubiquitinate VP40. ISGylates influenza A virus NS1 protein which causes a loss of function of the protein and the inhibition of virus replication. The secreted form of ISG15 can: induce natural killer cell proliferation, act as a chemotactic factor for neutrophils and act as a IFN-gamma-inducing cytokine playing an essential role in antimycobacterial immunity. The secreted form acts through the integrin ITGAL/ITGB2 receptor to initiate activation of SRC family tyrosine kinases including LYN, HCK and FGR which leads to secretion of IFNG and IL10; the interaction is mediated by ITGAL (PubMed:29100055).

Alternative names

G1P2, UCRP, ISG15, Ubiquitin-like protein ISG15, Interferon-induced 15 kDa protein, Interferon-induced 17 kDa protein, Ubiquitin cross-reactive protein, IP17, hUCRP

Recommended products

Rabbit Recombinant Monoclonal ISG15 antibody - conjugated to Biotin. Suitable for IHC-P and reacts with Human samples.

Key facts

Isotype
IgG
Conjugation
Biotin
Form
Liquid
Clonality
Monoclonal
Immunogen
  • The exact immunogen used to generate this antibody is proprietary information.
Clone number
EPR24482-49
Purification technique
Affinity purification Protein A
Concentration
Loading...

Storage

Shipped at conditions
Blue Ice
Appropriate short-term storage duration
1-2 weeks
Appropriate short-term storage conditions
+4°C
Appropriate long-term storage conditions
-20°C
Aliquoting information
Upon delivery aliquot
Storage information
Avoid freeze / thaw cycle, Store in the dark

Notes

Our RabMAb® technology is a patented hybridoma-based technology for making rabbit monoclonal antibodies. For details on our patents, please refer to RabMAb® patents.

This product is a recombinant monoclonal antibody, which offers several advantages including:

  • - High batch-to-batch consistency and reproducibility
  • - Improved sensitivity and specificity
  • - Long-term security of supply
  • - Animal-free batch production

For more information, read more on recombinant antibodies.

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.
Activity summary

ISG15 also known as G1P2 is a ubiquitin-like protein with a molecular weight of approximately 17 kDa. This protein gets expressed highly in response to interferon stimulation particularly in white blood cells such as macrophages and monocytes. It consists of two ubiquitin-like domains contributing to its functionality. ISG15 performs its mechanical role by adding itself to target proteins in a process known as ISGylation. This process resembles ubiquitination and serves to modify the functions of targeted proteins.

Biological function summary

ISG15 plays an important role in the immune response to viral infections. It acts as an antiviral agent by inhibiting viral replication. It interacts with and becomes a part of protein complexes modifying cellular proteins involved in immune regulation. ISG15 influences the stability function and localization of these target proteins enhancing antiviral defenses and potentially modulating immune signaling pathways.

Pathways

ISG15 operates within the interferon signaling pathway and the antiviral response pathway. In the interferon signaling pathway ISG15 interacts with proteins like UBE1L and UBE2L6 which act together for effective ISGylation of targets. In the antiviral response pathway ISG15 boosts the effects of proteins like IRF3 and STAT1 enhancing antiviral responses. These interactions allow ISG15 to effectively contribute to halting viral propagation.

Associated diseases and disorders

ISG15 connects to autoimmune diseases and certain viral infections. In autoimmune conditions like systemic lupus erythematosus abnormal ISG15 activity can contribute to disease pathology. ISG15 also interacts with proteins such as USP18 which regulates the expression of type I interferons to influence the disease processes. Furthermore ISG15 involvement in viral infections such as hepatitis C highlights its value in antiviral defenses. Understanding these interactions can support the development of therapies targeting ISG15 for managing immune-related conditions.

Product promise

We are dedicated to supporting your work with high quality reagents and we are here for you every step of the way should you need us.

In the unlikely event of one of our products not working as expected, you are covered by our product promise.

Full details and terms and conditions can be found here:
Terms & Conditions.

3 product images

  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Biotin Anti-ISG15 antibody [EPR24482-49] (ab317077), expandable thumbnail

    Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Biotin Anti-ISG15 antibody [EPR24482-49] (ab317077)

    IHC image of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded human breast cancer sections* tested on a Leica BONDTM.

    Sections were pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with EDTA buffer (pH 9.0, epitope retrieval solution 2) for 20mins, before blocking of endogenous biotin using Avidin/Biotin Blocking Kit ab64212. The sections were then incubated with antibody (ab317077, Rabbit monoclonal to ISG15 at 5ug/ml) or isotype control (Biotin Isotype Control [EPR25A] ab320073, Rabbit IgG, at 5ug/ml) for 15 mins at room temperature. DAB was used as the chromogen. The sections were then counterstained with haematoxylin and mounted with DPX. The background control image is taken from an identical assay without primary antibody or isotype control.

    For other IHC staining systems (automated and non-automated) customers should optimize variable parameters such as antigen retrieval conditions, primary antibody concentration and antibody incubation times.

    *Tissue obtained from the Human Research Tissue Bank, supported by the NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre.

  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Biotin Anti-ISG15 antibody [EPR24482-49] (ab317077), expandable thumbnail

    Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Biotin Anti-ISG15 antibody [EPR24482-49] (ab317077)

    IHC image of ISG15 staining in a section of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded human breast cancer*.

     Performed on a Leica BONDTM system. The section was pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with EDTA buffer (pH 9.0, epitope retrieval solution 2) for 20mins, before blocking of endogenous biotin using Avidin/Biotin Blocking Kit ab64212. The section was then incubated with ab317077 at 5 µg/ml, for 15 mins at room temperature and detected using an HRP conjugated ABC system. DAB was used as the chromogen. The section was then counterstained with haematoxylin and mounted with DPX. The inset secondary-only control image is taken from an identical assay without primary antibody.

    For other IHC staining systems (automated and non-automated) customers should optimize variable parameters such as antigen retrieval conditions, primary antibody concentration and antibody incubation times.

    *Tissue obtained from the Human Research Tissue Bank, supported by the NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre.

  • Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Biotin Anti-ISG15 antibody [EPR24482-49] (ab317077), expandable thumbnail

    Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) - Biotin Anti-ISG15 antibody [EPR24482-49] (ab317077)

    Negative staining of ISG15 in a section of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded human normal cerebral cortex*.

    Performed on a Leica BONDTM system. The section was pre-treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with EDTA buffer (pH 9.0, epitope retrieval solution 2) for 20mins, before blocking of endogenous biotin using Avidin/Biotin Blocking Kit ab64212. The section was then incubated with ab317077 at 5 µg/ml, for 15 mins at room temperature and detected using an HRP conjugated ABC system. DAB was used as the chromogen. The section was then counterstained with haematoxylin and mounted with DPX. The inset secondary-only control image is taken from an identical assay without primary antibody.

    For other IHC staining systems (automated and non-automated) customers should optimize variable parameters such as antigen retrieval conditions, primary antibody concentration and antibody incubation times.

    *Tissue obtained from the Human Research Tissue Bank, supported by the NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre.

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Product protocols

For this product, it's our understanding that no specific protocols are required. You can:

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