Anti-Calcineurin A antibody

Supplementary info

Activity summary

Calcineurin A also known as PPP3CA is a highly specific protein phosphatase with a pivotal role in cellular signaling. It has a molecular mass of approximately 59 to 61 kDa depending on the isoform. Calcineurin A expression occurs in various tissues including the brain immune cells and cardiac tissues. It acts as the catalytic subunit of the enzyme calcineurin and is important for its function.

Biological function summary

Calcineurin A participates in numerous cellular processes through its phosphatase activity. As part of the calcineurin complex which includes a regulatory subunit it modulates the dephosphorylation of target proteins. This activity enables Calcineurin A to influence activation of T-lymphocytes by dephosphorylating the nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) a transcription factor responsible for immune response. Calcineurin A also plays a role in neuronal signaling and muscle function.

Pathways

Calcineurin A engages in the calcium signaling pathway which is vital for diverse cellular functions. It is related to proteins like calmodulin which binds calcium ions to activate Calcineurin A. Another important pathway includes the MAPK signaling pathway where Calcineurin A influences various cellular outcomes by regulating different transcription factors. Through these pathways Calcineurin A integrates signals that affect cellular growth survival and differentiation.

Associated diseases and disorders

Calcineurin A is associated with cardiac hypertrophy and immunosuppressive conditions. In cardiac hypertrophy aberrant Calcineurin A activity leads to changes in heart muscle size and function. The protein also connects to the disorder of immunosuppression through its inhibition by drugs like cyclosporine which are used to prevent transplant rejection by targeting Calcineurin A. This inhibition blocks T-cell activation and provides therapeutic benefits in managing transplant patients.