Anti-CD272/BTLA antibody

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

CD272 also known as BTLA (B and T Lymphocyte Attenuator) is an immunoregulatory protein with a mass approximately 34 kDa. This target is part of the CD28 immunoglobulin superfamily and is expressed on the surfaces of various immune cells including T cells B cells and dendritic cells. BTLA/CD272 serves as a co-inhibitory molecule important in maintaining immune homeostasis. Its expression is influenced by factors present in the microenvironment of immune tissues.

Biological function summary

BTLA functions as a negative regulator of immune responses by delivering inhibitory signals to immune cells upon binding to its ligand HVEM (Herpesvirus entry mediator). It forms a part of an immunological checkpoint complex that modulates lymphocyte activity to prevent overactivation and autoimmunity. This mechanism helps maintain a balance between immune defense and tolerance contributing to self-tolerance.

Pathways

The BTLA/CD272 protein engages with pathways involved in immune checkpoints and T-cell receptor signaling. It interacts with proteins like HVEM and collaborates with receptors such as PD-1 and CTLA-4. These interactions play a role in the downregulation of T-cell responses which is essential in various immune processes. The signaling pathways influenced by BTLA/CD272 are integral in moderating immune responses cooperation and adaptation.

Associated diseases and disorders

BTLA is associated with autoimmune diseases and cancer. In autoimmune disorders an altered expression or function of BTLA can lead to dysregulated immune responses causing tissue damage. In cancer the protein may contribute to immune evasion by tumors aiding tumor growth and progression. The interplay of BTLA with proteins such as PD-1 makes it a potential target for immunotherapy strategies in oncology and autoimmunity treatments.