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Rabbit Recombinant Monoclonal CD28 antibody. Suitable for IP, WB, ICC/IF, IHC-P and reacts with Human, Mouse, Rat samples. Cited in 11 publications.


Images

Immunoprecipitation - Anti-CD28 antibody [EPR22076] (AB243228), expandable thumbnail
  • Western blot - Anti-CD28 antibody [EPR22076] (AB243228), expandable thumbnail

Publications

Key facts

Isotype

IgG

Host species

Rabbit

Storage buffer

pH: 7.2 - 7.4
Preservative: 0.01% Sodium azide
Constituents: PBS, 40% Glycerol (glycerin, glycerine), 0.05% BSA

Form

Liquid

Clonality

Monoclonal

Immunogen

  • The exact immunogen used to generate this antibody is proprietary information.

Reactivity data

Select an application
Product promiseTestedExpectedPredictedNot recommended
IPFlow CytWBICC/IFIHC-P
Human
Tested
Not recommended
Tested
Tested
Tested
Mouse
Expected
Not recommended
Tested
Tested
Tested
Rat
Expected
Not recommended
Expected
Expected
Tested

Tested
Tested

Species

Human

Dilution info

1/30

Notes

Perform heat-mediated antigen retrieval with Tris/EDTA buffer pH 9.0 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.

Expected
Expected

Species

Mouse, Rat

Dilution info

Use at an assay dependent concentration.

Notes

-

Not recommended
Not recommended

Species

Mouse

Dilution info

-

Notes

Perform heat-mediated antigen retrieval with Tris/EDTA buffer pH 9.0 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.

Species

Rat

Dilution info

-

Notes

Perform heat-mediated antigen retrieval with Tris/EDTA buffer pH 9.0 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.

Species

Human

Dilution info

-

Notes

-

Tested
Tested

Species

Mouse

Dilution info

1/1000

Notes

-

Species

Human

Dilution info

1/1000

Notes

-

Expected
Expected

Species

Rat

Dilution info

Use at an assay dependent concentration.

Notes

-

Tested
Tested

Species

Mouse

Dilution info

1/50

Notes

-

Species

Human

Dilution info

1/50

Notes

-

Expected
Expected

Species

Rat

Dilution info

Use at an assay dependent concentration.

Notes

-

Tested
Tested

Species

Mouse

Dilution info

1/2000

Notes

Perform heat-mediated antigen retrieval with Tris/EDTA buffer pH 9.0 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.

Species

Rat

Dilution info

1/2000

Notes

Perform heat-mediated antigen retrieval with Tris/EDTA buffer pH 9.0 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.

Species

Human

Dilution info

1/2000

Notes

Perform heat-mediated antigen retrieval with Tris/EDTA buffer pH 9.0 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.

Associated Products

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Target data

Function

Involved in T-cell activation, the induction of cell proliferation and cytokine production and promotion of T-cell survival. Enhances the production of IL4 and IL10 in T-cells in conjunction with TCR/CD3 ligation and CD40L costimulation (PubMed:8617933). Isoform 3 enhances CD40L-mediated activation of NF-kappa-B and kinases MAPK8 and PAK2 in T-cells (PubMed:15067037).

Alternative names

Recommended products

Rabbit Recombinant Monoclonal CD28 antibody. Suitable for IP, WB, ICC/IF, IHC-P and reacts with Human, Mouse, Rat samples. Cited in 11 publications.

Alternative names

Key facts

Isotype

IgG

Form

Liquid

Clonality

Monoclonal

Immunogen
  • The exact immunogen used to generate this antibody is proprietary information.
Clone number

EPR22076

Purification technique

Affinity purification Protein A

Concentration
Loading...

Storage

Shipped at conditions

Blue Ice

Appropriate short-term storage duration

1-2 weeks

Appropriate short-term storage conditions

+4°C

Appropriate long-term storage conditions

-20°C

Aliquoting information

Upon delivery aliquot

Storage information

Avoid freeze / thaw cycle

Notes

Our RabMAb® technology is a patented hybridoma-based technology for making rabbit monoclonal antibodies. For details on our patents, please refer to RabMAb® patents.

This product is a recombinant monoclonal antibody, which offers several advantages including:

  • - High batch-to-batch consistency and reproducibility
  • - Improved sensitivity and specificity
  • - Long-term security of supply
  • - Animal-free batch production

For more information, read more on recombinant antibodies.

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

CD28 also known as T-cell-specific surface glycoprotein CD28 or TP44 plays an important role as a co-stimulatory receptor on T cells. This glycoprotein has a molecular mass of about 44 kDa and is located mainly on the cell surface of T cells. CD28 expression also occurs on thymocytes and some B cells. It forms part of the immunoglobulin superfamily featuring in significant antibody interactions. Researchers often use anti-CD28 antibodies for various immunological assays including CD28 ELISA to study its function.

Biological function summary

CD28 co-stimulates T cells after antigen presentation. It enhances T cell proliferation survival and cytokine production. CD28 functions alongside the T cell receptor (TCR) complex mediating signals that promote full T cell activation. This interaction amplifies the immune response forming an important axis of immune system communication. CD28 interacts with its ligands B7-1 (CD80) and B7-2 (CD86) found on antigen-presenting cells (APCs) illustrating its role in immune system dynamics.

Pathways

CD28 is integral to the PI3K/Akt and MAPK/ERK signaling pathways. These pathways conduct signals critical for cellular growth and survival linking CD28 to downstream transcription factors. The interaction with another protein CTLA-4 acts as a regulatory balance for CD28 signaling preventing over-activation of T cells. This balance influences immune homeostasis and tolerance providing a framework for understanding costimulatory and inhibitory signaling.

Associated diseases and disorders

CD28's role becomes evident in autoimmune diseases and transplant rejection. Abnormal CD28 signaling links to rheumatoid arthritis where inappropriate T cell activation occurs. Similarly CD28 activity contributes to organ transplant rejection by stimulating T cell-mediated responses against transplanted tissues. CTLA-4 through regulatory feedback can modify these effects providing therapeutic target strategies for managing such disorders. Efforts to modulate CD28 activity involve developing therapeutic agents such as anti-CD28 monoclonal antibodies.

Product promise

We are dedicated to supporting your work with high quality reagents and we are here for you every step of the way should you need us.

In the unlikely event of one of our products not working as expected, you are covered by our product promise.

Full details and terms and conditions can be found here:
Terms & Conditions.

2 product images

  • Immunoprecipitation - Anti-CD28 antibody [EPR22076] (ab243228), expandable thumbnail

    Immunoprecipitation - Anti-CD28 antibody [EPR22076] (ab243228)

    CD28 was immunoprecipitated from 0.35 mg Jurkat (human T cell leukemia T lymphocyte) whole cell lysate with ab243228 at 1/30 dilution. Western blot was performed from the immunoprecipitate using ab243228 at 1/1000 dilution. VeriBlot for IP Detection Reagent (HRP) (VeriBlot for IP Detection Reagent (HRP) ab131366), was used for detection at 1/5000 dilution.
    Lane 1: Jurkat whole cell lysate 10 μg (Input).
    Lane 2: ab243228 IP in Jurkat whole cell lysate.
    Lane 3: Rabbit monoclonal IgG (Rabbit IgG, monoclonal [EPR25A] - Isotype Control ab172730) instead of ab243228 in Jurkat whole cell lysate.
    Blocking/Dilution buffer: 5% NFDM/TBST.
    Exposure time: 30 seconds.

    The target band ranging between 37kDa-48kDa is consistent with what has been described in the literature (PMID: 2825196). Minor band below 15kDa is likely to be an isoform.

    All lanes: Immunoprecipitation - Anti-CD28 antibody [EPR22076] (ab243228)

    Predicted band size: 25 kDa

  • Western blot - Anti-CD28 antibody [EPR22076] (ab243228), expandable thumbnail

    Western blot - Anti-CD28 antibody [EPR22076] (ab243228)

    The target band ranging between 37kDa-48kDa is consistent with what has been described in the literature (PMID: 2825196). Minor band below 15kDa is likely to be an isoform.

    This blot was developed using a higher sensitivity ECL substrate.

    This primary antibody was incubated overnight at 4°C.

    All lanes: Western blot - Anti-CD28 antibody [EPR22076] (ab243228) at 1/1000 dilution

    Lane 1: Jurkat (human T cell leukemia T lymphocyte), whole cell lysate at 20 µg

    Lane 2: EL4.IL-2 (mouse lymphoma T lymphocyte), whole cell lysate at 20 µg

    Secondary

    All lanes: Western blot - VeriBlot for IP Detection Reagent (HRP) (VeriBlot for IP Detection Reagent (HRP) ab131366) at 1/1000 dilution

    Predicted band size: 25 kDa

    Exposure time: 26s

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Product protocols

For this product, it's our understanding that no specific protocols are required. You can:

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