Rabbit Recombinant Monoclonal CD68 antibody. Suitable for WB, ICC/IF, mIHC, IHC-P and reacts with Human samples. Cited in 118 publications.
IgG
Rabbit
pH: 7.2 - 7.4
Preservative: 0.01% Sodium azide
Constituents: PBS, 40% Glycerol (glycerin, glycerine), 0.05% BSA
Liquid
Monoclonal
WB | ICC/IF | mIHC | IHC-P | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Human | Tested | Tested | Tested | Tested |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Human | Dilution info 1/1000 | Notes Perform heat-mediated antigen retrieval with Tris/EDTA buffer pH 9.0 before commencing with IHC staining protocol. |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Human | Dilution info 1/100 | Notes Perform heat-mediated antigen retrieval with Tris/EDTA buffer pH 9.0 before commencing with IHC staining protocol. |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Human | Dilution info 1/500 | Notes - |
Species | Dilution info | Notes |
---|---|---|
Species Human | Dilution info 1/8000 | Notes Perform heat-mediated antigen retrieval with Tris/EDTA buffer pH 9.0 before commencing with IHC staining protocol. |
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Could play a role in phagocytic activities of tissue macrophages, both in intracellular lysosomal metabolism and extracellular cell-cell and cell-pathogen interactions. Binds to tissue- and organ-specific lectins or selectins, allowing homing of macrophage subsets to particular sites. Rapid recirculation of CD68 from endosomes and lysosomes to the plasma membrane may allow macrophages to crawl over selectin-bearing substrates or other cells.
Macrosialin, Gp110, CD68
Rabbit Recombinant Monoclonal CD68 antibody. Suitable for WB, ICC/IF, mIHC, IHC-P and reacts with Human samples. Cited in 118 publications.
Macrosialin, Gp110, CD68
IgG
Rabbit
pH: 7.2 - 7.4
Preservative: 0.01% Sodium azide
Constituents: PBS, 40% Glycerol (glycerin, glycerine), 0.05% BSA
Liquid
Monoclonal
EPR20545
Affinity purification Protein A
Blue Ice
1-2 weeks
+4°C
-20°C
Upon delivery aliquot
Avoid freeze / thaw cycle
Our RabMAb® technology is a patented hybridoma-based technology for making rabbit monoclonal antibodies. For details on our patents, please refer to RabMAb® patents.
This product is a recombinant monoclonal antibody, which offers several advantages including:
For more information, read more on recombinant antibodies.
This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.
CD68 is a glycoprotein that functions as a scavenger receptor. It plays an important role in the regulation of cellular debris and apoptotic cell clearance. Researchers often refer to it as KP1 or macrosialin in the literature. CD68 with a molecular weight of approximately 110 kDa is highly expressed in macrophages and monocytes. The mucin-like structure of CD68 allows it to be heavily glycosylated which aids in its function. Researchers detect CD68 in tissues through methods like immunohistochemistry (IHC) immunofluorescence and CD68 staining and it is widely used as a macrophage marker in research.
CD68 facilitates functions associated with the innate immune response. It serves as an important part of macrophages which contribute to immune surveillance and tissue homeostasis. Though it primarily operates on its own in some contexts CD68 might assist in forming complexes with other receptors to modulate phagocytic activity. This target is significant in atherosclerotic plaque stability as macrophages engulf lipids and cell debris through processes facilitated by CD68.
CD68 is involved in pathways connected to inflammation and phagocytosis. The CD68 protein works closely with other scavenger receptors like CD36 to mediate uptake of oxidized low-density lipoproteins (oxLDL) in the lipid metabolism pathway. Additionally CD68 engagement can influence the toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathways thereby linking innate immunity and inflammatory responses critical for host defense and disease progression.
CD68 is associated with atherosclerosis and multiple sclerosis. In atherosclerosis its role becomes evident as it accumulates in macrophages within the plaques making it a marker of disease severity. In multiple sclerosis CD68 expression in macrophages and microglia indicates active demyelination and inflammation. It also relates to proteins such as CD36 in atherosclerosis where both mediate the uptake of modified LDL contributing to foam cell formation in plaques.
We have tested this species and application combination and it works. It is covered by our product promise.
We have not tested this specific species and application combination in-house, but expect it will work. It is covered by our product promise.
This species and application combination has not been tested, but we predict it will work based on strong homology. However, this combination is not covered by our product promise.
We do not recommend this combination. It is not covered by our product promise.
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Terms & Conditions.
Multiplex immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) analysis of human liver tissue.
Panel A: Merged staining of Collagen VI (Anti-Collagen VI antibody [EPR17072] ab182744; green), anti-CD68 (ab213363; red) and anti-Lamin B1 (Anti-Lamin B1 antibody [EPR22165-121] ab229025; magenta).
Panel B: Anti-Collagen VI (green) stained on extracellular matrix.
Panel C: Anti-CD68 (red) stained on Kupffer cells.
Panel D: Anti-Lamin B1 (magenta) stained on nuclear envelope.
Key protocol steps: The section was incubated in three rounds of staining with Anti-Collagen VI antibody [EPR17072] ab182744 (1/1000 dilution), ab213363 (1/1000 dilution) and Anti-Lamin B1 antibody [EPR22165-121] ab229025 (1/4000 dilution) for 30 mins at room temperature. Each round was followed by tyramide signal amplification with the appropriate fluorophore. Heat mediated antigen retrieval was used (Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0, epitope retrieval solution 2) for 20 mins after every round of antibody/fluorophore staining.
The immunostaining was performed on a Leica Biosystems BOND® RX instrument.
DAPI was used as a nuclear counter stain. A ready-to-use anti-Rabbit and Mouse Polymer HRP was used as a secondary.
Perform heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris/EDTA buffer pH 9.0 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.
Immunohistochemistry (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections) analysis of Human spleen tissue labelling PDI with Anti-PD1 antibody [EPR23119-111] ab243644 at 1.02 μg/mL (B), PD-L 1 with Anti-PD-L1 antibody [EPR19759] ab213524 at 1/100 dilution (C) and CD68 with ab213363 at 1/300 dilution (D). Anti-Rabbit and Mouse Polymer HRP was used as a secondary antibody, and DAPI was used for a nuclear counter stain. Heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0, epitope retrieval solution 2) for 20mins. Heat mediated antigen retrieval (Leica ER2, PH9.0, 20 minutes) was used in between rounds of tyramide signal amplification to remove the antibodies from the previous round, to avoid any cross-reactivity.
Panel A: merged staining of anti- PD1 (green, Opal™520), anti- PD-L1 (red, Opal™570) and anti- CD68 (yellow, Opal™690).
Panel B: Anti- PD1 stained on antigen-stimulated T cells.
Panel C: anti- PD-L1 stained on cells involved in T cell inhibition
Panel D: anti-CD68 stained on macrophages.
The section was incubated in three rounds of staining: in the order of Anti-PD1 antibody [EPR23119-111] ab243644, ab213363 and Anti-PD-L1 antibody [EPR19759] ab213524 for 30 mins at room temperature. Each round was followed by a separate fluorescent tyramide signal amplification system.
The immunostaining was performed on a Leica Biosystems BOND® RX instrument with an Opal™ 4-color kit. Image acquisition was performed with Leica SP8 confocal microscope.
Immunofluorescent analysis of 100% methanol-fixed THP-1 (human monocytic leukemia cell line) cells labeling CD68 with ab213363 at 1/100 dilution followed by Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) (Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) ab150077) secondary antibody at 1/1000 dilution (green). Confocal image showing cytoplasmic staining on THP-1 cells.
The nuclear counter stain is DAPI (blue). Tubulin is detected with Anti-alpha Tubulin antibody [DM1A] - Microtubule Marker (Alexa Fluor® 594) (Alexa Fluor® 594 Anti-alpha Tubulin antibody [DM1A] - Microtubule Marker ab195889) (red) at 1/200 dilution.
Secondary antibody only control: Used PBS instead of primary antibody, secondary antibody is Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) (Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) ab150077) secondary antibody at 1/1000 dilution.
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human tonsil tissue, labeling CD68 with ab213363 at 1/8000 dilution, followed by Goat anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) Ready to use. Cytoplasmic staining on macrophages of human tonsil is observed (PMID: 19543531). Counter stained with hematoxylin. Heat mediated antigen retrieval was performed using Tris/EDTA buffer pH 9.0 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.
Secondary antibody only control: Used PBS instead of primary antibody, secondary antibody is Goat anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) Ready to use.
Blocking/Dilution buffer: 5% NFDM/TBST.
Exposure time: Lane 1/2/4/5: 30 seconds; Lane 3: 3 minutes.
The observed molecular weight is consistent with the literature (PMID:18405323; PMID:11739566; PMID: 16710801).
Lanes 1, 2, 3 and 5: Western blot - Anti-CD68 antibody [EPR20545] (ab213363) at 1/1000 dilution
Lane 4: Western blot - Anti-CD68 antibody [EPR20545] (ab213363) at 1/5000 dilution
Lane 1: Human fetal liver lysate at 20 µg
Lane 2: Human tonsil lysate at 20 µg
Lane 3: Human fetal spleen lysate at 20 µg
Lane 4: THP-1 (human monocytic leukemia cell line) whole cell lysate at 10 µg
Lane 5: U937 (human histiocytic lymphoma cell line) whole cell lysate at 10 µg
All lanes: Western blot - Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) (Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) ab97051) at 1/100000 dilution
Developed using the ECL technique.
Predicted band size: 37 kDa
Observed band size: 110 kDa
Immunofluorescent analysis of 100% methanol-fixed U937 (human histiocytic lymphoma cell line) cells labeling CD68 with ab213363 at 1/100 dilution followed by Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) (Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) ab150077) secondary antibody at 1/1000 dilution (green). Confocal image showing cytoplasmic staining on U937 cells.
The nuclear counter stain is DAPI (blue). Tubulin is detected with Anti-alpha Tubulin antibody [DM1A] - Microtubule Marker (Alexa Fluor® 594) (Alexa Fluor® 594 Anti-alpha Tubulin antibody [DM1A] - Microtubule Marker ab195889) (red) at 1/200 dilution.
Secondary antibody only control: Used PBS instead of primary antibody, secondary antibody is Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) (Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) ab150077) secondary antibody at 1/1000 dilution.
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human cervical carcinoma tissue labeling CD68 with ab213363 at 1/8000 dilution, followed by Goat anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) Ready to use. Cytoplasmic staining on macrophages of human cervical carcinoma is observed (PMID: 12118106). Counter stained with hematoxylin. Heat mediated antigen retrieval was performed using Tris/EDTA buffer pH 9.0 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.
Secondary antibody only control: Used PBS instead of primary antibody, secondary antibody is Goat anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) Ready to use.
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human tonsil tissue labeling CD68 with ab213363 at 1/5000 dilution. No blocking step performed. Anti-Rabbit HRP polymer was used as the secondary detection system. Heat-mediated antigen retrieval was performed using EDTA based pH 9.0 buffer.
Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human liver tissue labeling CD68 with ab213363 at 1/8000 dilution, followed by Goat anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) Ready to use. Cytoplasmic staining on Kupffer cells of human liver is observed (PMID: 12118106). Counter stained with hematoxylin. Heat mediated antigen retrieval was performed using Tris/EDTA buffer pH 9.0 before commencing with IHC staining protocol.
Secondary antibody only control: Used PBS instead of primary antibody, secondary antibody is Goat anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) Ready to use.
Tissue Microarrays stained for "Anti-CD68 antibody [EPR20545]" using "ab213363"in immunohistochemical analysis. This table provides a detailed overview of positive (tick mark) and negative (cross mark) staining per sample type tested. The sections were pre-treated using Heat mediated antigen retrieval using Antigen Retrieval Buffer (100X Tris-EDTA Buffer, pH 9.0) ab93684 (Tris/EDTA buffer, pH 9.0). The sections were incubated with ab213363 at +4°C overnight followed by a ready to use Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP polymer).
CD68 immunohistochemistry staining of human colon using rabbit anti-CD68 antibody
Fluorescence multiplex immunohistochemical analysis of the human colon (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections). Panel A: merged staining of anti-liver FABP (Anti-liver FABP antibody [EPR20464] - BSA and Azide free ab240401 gray; Opal™690), anti-CD3 epsilon (Anti-CD3 epsilon antibody [SP7] ab16669 green; Opal™520) and anti-CD68 (ab213363 red; Opal™570) on human colon. Panel B: anti-liver FABP stained on enterocytes. Panel C: anti-CD3 epsilon stained on T cells. Panel D: anti-CD68 stained on macrophages. Opal Polymer HRP Ms + Rb was used as a secondary antibody. The immunostaining was performed on a Leica Biosystems BOND® RX instrument with an Opal™ 4-color kit. The section was incubated in three rounds of staining: in the order of Anti-liver FABP antibody [EPR20464] - BSA and Azide free ab240401 (1/8000 dilution), Anti-CD3 epsilon antibody [SP7] ab16669 (1/150 dilution) and ab213363 (1/500 dilution) for 30 mins at room temperature. Each round was followed by a separate fluorescent tyramide signal amplification system. Heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0 epitope retrieval solution2) for 20 mins. DAPI (blue) was used as a nuclear counter stain. Image acquisition was performed with Leica SP8 confocal microscope.
CD68 immunohistochemistry staining of human duodenum using rabbit anti-CD68 antibody
Fluorescence multiplex immunohistochemical analysis of the human duodenum (Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections). Panel A: merged staining of anti-liver FABP (Anti-liver FABP antibody [EPR20464] - BSA and Azide free ab240401 gray; Opal™690), anti-CD3 epsilon (Anti-CD3 epsilon antibody [SP7] ab16669 green; Opal™520) and anti-CD68 (ab213363 red; Opal™570) on human duodenum. Panel B: anti-liver FABP stained on enterocytes. Panel C: anti-CD3 epsilon stained on T cells. Panel D: anti-CD68 stained on macrophages. Opal Polymer HRP Ms + Rb was used as a secondary antibody. The immunostaining was performed on a Leica Biosystems BOND® RX instrument with an Opal™ 4-color kit. The section was incubated in three rounds of staining: in the order of Anti-liver FABP antibody [EPR20464] - BSA and Azide free ab240401 (1/8000 dilution), Anti-CD3 epsilon antibody [SP7] ab16669 (1/150 dilution) and ab213363 (1/500 dilution) for 30 mins at room temperature. Each round was followed by a separate fluorescent tyramide signal amplification system. Heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0 epitope retrieval solution2) for 20 mins. DAPI (blue) was used as a nuclear counter stain. Image acquisition was performed with Leica SP8 confocal microscope.
Multiplex immunohistochemistry analysis of formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded Human tonsil tissue staining PD-L1 with Anti-PD-L1 antibody [28-8] ab205921 at a 1:500 (2.19 ug/ml) dilution; PD1 with Anti-PD1 antibody [CAL20] ab237728 at 1:2000 (0.525 ug/ml) dilution and CD68 with ab213363 at 1:500 (1.26 ug/ml) dilution followed by a ready to use secondary antibody Opal Polymer HRP Ms + Rb.
Panel A: merged staining of anti-CD68 (magenta; Opal™690), anti-PD-L1 (green; Opal™520) and anti-PD1 (red; Opal™570) on human tonsil.
Panel B: anti-PD-L1 stained on cells involved in T cell inhibition.
Panel C: anti-PD1 stained on antigen-stimulated T cells.
Panel D: anti-CD68 stained on macrophages.
The section was incubated in three rounds of staining: in the order of ab213363 and Anti-PD-L1 antibody [28-8] ab205921 for 30 mins, then Anti-PD1 antibody [CAL20] ab237728 for 10 mins at room temperature. Each round was followed by a separate fluorescent tyramide signal amplification system.
The immunostaining was performed on a Leica Biosystems BOND® RX instrument with an Opal™ 4-color kit. Image acquisition was performed with Leica SP8 confocal microscope.
Heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0, epitope retrieval solution2) for 20 mins
Multiplex immunohistochemistry analysis of formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded human tonsil tissue staining PD1 with Anti-PD1 antibody [RM1033] ab309363 at a 1/4000 dilution ( 0.125 μg/ml), Anti-PD-L1 antibody [SP142] - C-terminal ab228462 anti-PD-L1 used at 1/100 dilution (0.52 μg/ml) and ab213363 anti-CD68 used at a 1/500 dilution (1.26 μg/ml).
Panel A: merged staining of anti-CD68 (gray; Opal™690), anti-PD1 (green; Opal™520) and anti-PD-L1 (red; Opal™570) on human tonsil.
Panel B: anti-PD1 stained on antigen-stimulated T cells.
Panel C: anti-PD-L1 stained on cells involved in T cell inhibition.
Panel D: anti-CD68 stained on macrophages.
The section was incubated in three rounds of staining: in the order of ab213363 and Anti-PD1 antibody [RM1033] ab309363 for 30 mins, then Anti-PD-L1 antibody [SP142] - C-terminal ab228462 for 10 mins at room temperature.
Heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0, epitope retrieval solution2) for 20 mins.
Each round was followed by a separate fluorescent tyramide signal amplification system.
The immunostaining was performed on a Leica Biosystems BOND® RX instrument with an Opal™ 4-color kit. Image acquisition was performed with Leica SP8 confocal microscope.
Panel A: merged staining of anti-CD68 (gray; Opal™690), anti-CD3 epsilon (green; Opal™520) and anti-CD19 (red; Opal™570) on Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections of human tonsil. Secondary antibody was Opal Polymer HRP Ms + Rb, and counterstaining was with DAPI.
Panel B: anti-CD3 epsilon stained on T cells with Anti-CD3 epsilon antibody [SP7] ab16669 at 1/500 dilution
Panel C: anti-CD19 stained on B cells with Anti-CD19 antibody [SP291] - BSA and Azide free ab237772 at 1/5000 dilution
Panel D: anti-CD68 stained on macrophages with ab213363 1/500 dilution
The section was incubated in three rounds of staining: in the order of ab213363 and Anti-CD3 epsilon antibody [SP7] ab16669 for 30 mins, then Anti-CD19 antibody [SP291] - BSA and Azide free ab237772 for 10 mins at room temperature. Each round was followed by a separate fluorescent tyramide signal amplification system. Heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0, epitope retrieval solution2) for 20 mins.
The immunostaining was performed on a Leica Biosystems BOND® RX instrument with an Opal™ 4-color kit. Image acquisition was performed with Leica SP8 confocal microscope.
Panel A: merged staining of anti-CD68 (magenta; Opal™690), anti-CD3 epsilon (green; Opal™520) and anti-CD19 (red; Opal™570) on Formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded sections of human spleen. Secondary antibody was Opal Polymer HRP Ms + Rb, and couterstaining was with DAPI.
Panel B: anti-CD3 epsilon stained on T cells with Anti-CD3 epsilon antibody [SP7] ab16669 at 1/500 dilution
Panel C: anti-CD19 stained on B cells with Anti-CD19 antibody [SP291] - BSA and Azide free ab237772 at 1/5000 dilution
Panel D: anti-CD68 stained on macrophages with ab213363 1/500 dilution
The section was incubated in three rounds of staining: in the order of ab213363 and Anti-CD3 epsilon antibody [SP7] ab16669 for 30 mins, then Anti-CD19 antibody [SP291] - BSA and Azide free ab237772 for 10 mins at room temperature. Each round was followed by a separate fluorescent tyramide signal amplification system. Heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0, epitope retrieval solution2) for 20 mins.
The immunostaining was performed on a Leica Biosystems BOND® RX instrument with an Opal™ 4-color kit. Image acquisition was performed with Leica SP8 confocal microscope.
CD68 immunohistochemistry staining of human thymus using rabbit anti-CD68 antibody
Multiplex immunohistochemistry analysis of formalin/PFA-fixed paraffin-embedded Human thymus tissue labeling CD3 epsilon with Anti-CD3 epsilon antibody [SP7] ab16669 at 1/500 dilution, LY75/DEC-205 with Anti-LY75/DEC-205 antibody [EPR5233] - BSA and Azide free ab208649 at 1/15000, and CD68 with ab213363 at 1/500 dilution.
Panel A: merged staining of anti-CD68 (magenta; Opal™690), anti-CD3 epsilon (green; Opal™520) and anti-LY75/DEC-205 (red; Opal™570) on human thymus.
Panel B: anti-CD3 epsilon stained on T cells.
Panel C: anti-LY75/DEC-205 stained on thymic cortical epithelium and dendritic cells.
Panel D: anti-CD68 stained on macrophages.
Sections were treated using heat mediated antigen retrieval with Tris-EDTA buffer (pH 9.0, epitope retrieval solution2) for 20 mins before antibody incubation. The section was incubated in three rounds of staining: in the order of ab213363, Anti-CD3 epsilon antibody [SP7] ab16669, and Anti-LY75/DEC-205 antibody [EPR5233] - BSA and Azide free ab208649 for 30 mins at room temperature. Each round was followed by a separate fluorescent tyramide signal amplification system.
DAPI was used as a nuclear counterstain.
The immunostaining was performed on a Leica Biosystems BOND® RX instrument with an Opal™ 4-color kit. Image acquisition was performed with Leica SP8 confocal microscope.
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