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AB59477

Anti-CD81 antibody [TS81] - BSA and Azide free

4

(1 Review)

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(30 Publications)

Mouse Monoclonal CD81 antibody. Carrier free. Suitable for IHC-P, Flow Cyt, WB, ICC/IF and reacts with Human samples. Cited in 30 publications. Immunogen corresponding to Cell preparation containing CD81 protein.

View Alternative Names

CD81, TAPA1, TSPAN28, CD81 antigen, 26 kDa cell surface protein TAPA-1, Target of the antiproliferative antibody 1, Tetraspanin-28, Tspan-28

3 Images
Flow Cytometry - Anti-CD81 antibody [TS81] - BSA and Azide free (AB59477)
  • Flow Cyt

Unknown

Flow Cytometry - Anti-CD81 antibody [TS81] - BSA and Azide free (AB59477)

Overlay histogram showing Jurkat cells stained with ab59477 (red line). The cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde (10 min) and then permeabilized with 0.1% PBS-Tween for 20 min. The cells were then incubated in 1x PBS / 10% normal goat serum / 0.3M glycine to block non-specific protein-protein interactions followed by the antibody (ab59477, 0.5μg/1x106 cells) for 30 min at 22°C. The secondary antibody used was DyLight® 488 goat anti-mouse IgG (H+L) (ab96879) at 1/500 dilution for 30 min at 22°C. Isotype control antibody (black line) was mouse IgG2a [ICIGG2A] (ab91361, 1μg/1x106 cells) used under the same conditions. Acquisition of >5,000 events was performed. This antibody gave a positive signal in Jurkat cells fixed with 80% methanol (5 min)/permeabilized with 0.1% PBS-Tween for 20 min used under the same conditions.

Flow Cytometry - Anti-CD81 antibody [TS81] - BSA and Azide free (AB59477)
  • Flow Cyt

Lab

Flow Cytometry - Anti-CD81 antibody [TS81] - BSA and Azide free (AB59477)

Overlay histogram showing HAP1 wildtype (green line) and HAP1-CD81 knockout cells (red line) stained with ab59477. The cells were fixed with 4% formaldehyde (10 min) and then permeabilized with 0.1% PBS-Triton X-100 for 15 min. The cells were then incubated in 1x PBS / 10% normal goat serum to block non-specific protein-protein interactions followed by the antibody (ab59477, 1μg/ml) for 30 min at 22°C. The secondary antibody used was Alexa Fluor® 488 goat anti-mouse IgG (H&L) presorbed (ab150117) at 1/2000 dilution for 30 min at 22°C.

A mouse IgG1 isotype control antibody (ab170190) was used at the same concentration and conditions as the primary antibody (HAP1 wildtype - black line, HAP1-CD81 knockout - grey line). Unlabelled sample was also used as a control (this line is not shown for the purpose of simplicity).

Acquisition of >5,000 events were collected using a 50 mW Blue laser (488nm) and 530/30 bandpass filter.

This antibody can also be used in HAP1 cells fixed with 80% methanol (5 min), , permeabilized with 0.1% PBS-Triton X-100 for 15 min under the same conditions.

Western blot - Anti-CD81 antibody [TS81] - BSA and Azide free (AB59477)
  • WB

CiteAb

Western blot - Anti-CD81 antibody [TS81] - BSA and Azide free (AB59477)

CD81 western blot using anti-CD81 antibody [TS81] - BSA and Azide free ab59477. Publication image and figure legend from Liu, X., Wang, S., et al., 2018, Stem Cell Res Ther, PubMed 29895333.

ab59477 was used in this publication in western blot. This may not be the same as the application(s) guaranteed by Abcam. For a full list of applications guaranteed by Abcam for ab59477 please see the product overview.

Isolation and characterization of adMSC-Exos. a Electron micrograph of exosomes isolated from adMSC-conditioned medium. The arrowheads indicate exosomes. Original scale bars = 0.5 μm. b Western blot was performed with adMSC-Exos (Exos) or adMSC-conditioned medium (Medium). CD63, HSP70 and CD81 expression levels in exosomes were detected. c Fibroblasts were incubated with Dil-labeled exosomes (Dil-Exos; Dil is shown in red) or carrier control (CON), and nuclei were stained with Hoechst 33,342 (blue). Original scale bars = 50 μm

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Key facts

Host species

Mouse

Clonality

Monoclonal

Clone number

TS81

Isotype

IgG2a

Light chain type

kappa

Carrier free

Yes

Reacts with

Human

Applications

ICC/IF, IHC-P, WB, Flow Cyt

applications

Immunogen

Cell preparation containing CD81 protein. The exact immunogen used to generate this antibody is proprietary information.

P60033

Specificity

<p>Recognises the TAPA-1 antigen, a 23 kDa (smear) protein.</p>

Reactivity data

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Properties and storage information

Form
Liquid
Purification technique
Ion exchange chromatography
Purification notes
ab59477 is sterile-filtered through 0.22 µm and treated to remove endotoxins.
Storage buffer
pH: 7.3 - 7.5 Constituents: PBS
Shipped at conditions
Blue Ice
Appropriate short-term storage conditions
+4°C
Appropriate long-term storage conditions
+4°C
Aliquoting information
Upon delivery aliquot
Storage information
Avoid freeze / thaw cycle

Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

CD81 also known as TAPA-1 or 26 kDa protein is a member of the tetraspanin family featuring four transmembrane domains. The molecular weight of CD81 is approximately 26-28 kDa. This protein exhibits expression in numerous cell types such as leukocytes endothelial cells and epithelial tissues. CD81 plays a mechanical role by facilitating membrane protein interactions and contributing to cellular processes like adhesion and morphogenesis. Researchers have identified specific isoforms like M38 and labels like 1D6 CHAN in studies involving this target often analyzing CD81 through techniques like Western blot to determine expression levels and molecular weight.
Biological function summary

CD81 interacts with other tetraspanins and forms complexes within the membrane to regulate cellular signaling trafficking and adhesion. It participates in the assembly of larger tetraspanin-enriched microdomains which are important for efficient signaling and functional variety. These complexes modulate cell morphology proliferation and development influencing immune responses and pathogen entry to cells. The presence of CD81 in diverse tissues implies its involvement in a wide range of cellular processes forming essential complexes with proteins like integrins that further engage in tissue repair and immunological defense.

Pathways

CD81 plays significant roles in the immune system and viral entry pathways. It interacts with other proteins like CD9 and CD19 within the immune response pathways regulating lymphocyte activation and differentiation. CD81 is notably a coreceptor in the hepatitis C virus (HCV) entry pathway facilitating viral attachment and fusion into host cells. These interactions illustrate CD81's involvement in modulation of immune cell responses and influence on pathogen infection processes integrating into the complex cellular pathways important for maintaining homeostasis and response to external stimuli.

CD81 has connections to hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections and immunological disorders such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). During HCV infection CD81 serves as an important entry point for the virus interacting with proteins like claudin-1 and scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI) enabling viral entry and replication within liver cells. In SLE alterations in CD81 expression can impact autoantibody production and lymphocyte behavior contributing to the disease's pathology. Understanding CD81's role in these diseases provides insight into therapeutic targets and potential interventions for managing infections and autoimmune responses.

Product protocols

For this product, it's our understanding that no specific protocols are required. You can visit:

Target data

Structural component of specialized membrane microdomains known as tetraspanin-enriched microdomains (TERMs), which act as platforms for receptor clustering and signaling. Essential for trafficking and compartmentalization of CD19 receptor on the surface of activated B cells (PubMed : 16449649, PubMed : 20237408, PubMed : 27881302). Upon initial encounter with microbial pathogens, enables the assembly of CD19-CR2/CD21 and B cell receptor (BCR) complexes at signaling TERMs, lowering the threshold dose of antigen required to trigger B cell clonal expansion and antibody production (PubMed : 15161911, PubMed : 20237408). In T cells, facilitates the localization of CD247/CD3 zeta at antigen-induced synapses with B cells, providing for costimulation and polarization toward T helper type 2 phenotype (PubMed : 22307619, PubMed : 23858057, PubMed : 8766544). Present in MHC class II compartments, may also play a role in antigen presentation (PubMed : 8409388, PubMed : 8766544). Can act both as positive and negative regulator of homotypic or heterotypic cell-cell fusion processes. Positively regulates sperm-egg fusion and may be involved in acrosome reaction (By similarity). In myoblasts, associates with CD9 and PTGFRN and inhibits myotube fusion during muscle regeneration (By similarity). In macrophages, associates with CD9 and beta-1 and beta-2 integrins, and prevents macrophage fusion into multinucleated giant cells specialized in ingesting complement-opsonized large particles (PubMed : 12796480). Also prevents the fusion of mononuclear cell progenitors into osteoclasts in charge of bone resorption (By similarity). May regulate the compartmentalization of enzymatic activities. In T cells, defines the subcellular localization of dNTPase SAMHD1 and permits its degradation by the proteasome, thereby controlling intracellular dNTP levels (PubMed : 28871089). Also involved in cell adhesion and motility. Positively regulates integrin-mediated adhesion of macrophages, particularly relevant for the inflammatory response in the lung (By similarity).. (Microbial infection) Acts as a receptor for hepatitis C virus (HCV) in hepatocytes. Association with CLDN1 and the CLDN1-CD81 receptor complex is essential for HCV entry into host cell.. (Microbial infection) Involved in SAMHD1-dependent restriction of HIV-1 replication. May support early replication of both R5- and X4-tropic HIV-1 viruses in T cells, likely via proteasome-dependent degradation of SAMHD1.. (Microbial infection) Specifically required for Plasmodium falciparum infectivity of hepatocytes, controlling sporozoite entry into hepatocytes via the parasitophorous vacuole and subsequent parasite differentiation to exoerythrocytic forms.
See full target information CD81

Publications (30)

Recent publications for all applications. Explore the full list and refine your search

Cell death & disease 16:681 PubMed41053117

2025

ALIX mediates reversible gasdermin-D pore formation via the endosomal pathway to limit pyroptosis by active membrane repair.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Sylvia Otchere,Prafulla Shrestha,Himesh N Parmar,Jadyn F Perry,Brittany L Hofmeister,Michelle Steyn,Radhey S Kaushik,Adam D Hoppe,Natalie W Thiex,Ryan L Hanson,Jaime Lopez-Mosqueda,Gergely Imre

Journal of nanobiotechnology 23:504 PubMed40652239

2025

FNDC5/irisin-enriched sEVs conjugated with bone-targeting aptamer alleviate osteoporosis: a potential alternative to exercise.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Min-Zhi Mao,Ming-Hui Zheng,Bei Guo,Ya-Li Ling,Xiao Lin,Fu-Xing-Zi Li,Su-Kang Shan,De-Xing Dai,Lei Qiu,Xue-Yang Cai,Ya Ding,Ying-Ying Gu,Qi-Rong Deng,Zhi-Ang Zhou,Li-Min Lei,Cheng Tao,Rong-Rong Cui,Feng Wu,Fei Zhang,Bo Wu,Le-Le Liao,Chang-Ming Tan,Xiao-Bo Liao,Ling-Qing Yuan,Feng Xu

Lab on a chip 25:1718-1727 PubMed40007431

2025

Microfluidic loading of verteporfin into extracellular vesicles for neuroblastoma therapy.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Caterina Piunti,Sara Micheli,Sara Giancaterino,Pina Fusco,Cristiana Boi,Elisa Cimetta

Bioactive materials 42:52-67 PubMed39280584

2024

Vascular wall microenvironment: Endothelial cells original exosomes mediated melatonin-suppressed vascular calcification and vascular ageing in a m6A methylation dependent manner.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Su-Kang Shan,Xiao Lin,Feng Wu,Chang-Chun Li,Bei Guo,Fu-Xing-Zi Li,Ming-Hui Zheng,Yi Wang,Qiu-Shuang Xu,Li-Min Lei,Ke-Xin Tang,Yun-Yun Wu,Jia-Yue Duan,Ye-Chi Cao,Yan-Lin Wu,Chang-Ming Tan,Zi-Han Liu,Zhi-Ang Zhou,Xiao-Bo Liao,Feng Xu,Ling-Qing Yuan

Cell reports. Medicine 5:101716 PubMed39241773

2024

Five miRNAs identified in fucosylated extracellular vesicles as non-invasive diagnostic signatures for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Boan Li,Kun Hao,Mengyang Li,Ailan Wang,Huixue Tang,Lida Xu,Cuidie Ma,Wenqian Du,Lijuan Sun,Xufeng Hou,Tianye Jia,Aixia Liu,Qi Gao,Zhiming Zhao,Ronghua Jin,Ruifu Yang

iScience 27:109866 PubMed38840839

2024

An electro-optical platform for the ultrasensitive detection of small extracellular vesicle sub-types and their protein epitope counts.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Tomás Dias,Ricardo Figueiras,Susana Vagueiro,Renato Domingues,Yu-Hsien Hung,Jagriti Sethi,Elnaz Persia,Pierre Arsène

Biotechnology progress 40:e3419 PubMed38247123

2024

Transitioning from static to suspension culture system for large-scale production of xeno-free extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stromal cells.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Natália Cristine Dias Dos Santos,Paula Bruzadelle-Vieira,Nádia de Cássia Noronha,Amanda Mizukami-Martins,Maristela Delgado Orellana,Maria Vitória L B Bentley,Dimas Tadeu Covas,Kamilla Swiech,Kelen Cristina Ribeiro Malmegrim

Biochimica et biophysica acta. General subjects 1868:130522 PubMed37995879

2023

Retrovirus-like gag protein Arc/Arg3.1 is involved in extracellular-vesicle-mediated mRNA transfer between glioma cells.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Aya Al Othman,Dmitry Bagrov,Julian M Rozenberg,Olga Glazova,Gleb Skryabin,Elena Tchevkina,Alexandre Mezentsev,Mikhail Durymanov

Cell & bioscience 13:89 PubMed37202777

2023

miR-210-3p enriched extracellular vesicles from hypoxic neuroblastoma cells stimulate migration and invasion of target cells.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Pina Fusco,Anna Fietta,Maria Rosaria Esposito,Luca Zanella,Sara Micheli,Angelica Bastianello,Lorenzo Bova,Giulia Borile,Giuseppe Germano,Elisa Cimetta

Frontiers in immunology 13:1097117 PubMed36741391

2023

Circulating exosomal immuno-oncological checkpoints and cytokines are potential biomarkers to monitor tumor response to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy in non-small cell lung cancer patients.

Applications

Unspecified application

Species

Unspecified reactive species

Shayista Akbar,Afsheen Raza,Reyad Mohsin,Aladdin Kanbour,Shahnaz Qadri,Aijaz Parray,Abdul Rehman Zar Gul,Anite Philip,Suma Vijayakumar,Maysaloun Merhi,Shereena Hydrose,Varghese Philipose Inchakalody,Rajaa Al-Abdulla,Wafa Abualainin,Shaza Abu Sirriya,Issam Al-Bozom,Shahab Uddin,Omar Muhammad Khan,Mohamed Izham Mohamed Ibrahim,Ussama Al Homsi,Said Dermime
View all publications

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