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AB302618

Anti-cGAS antibody [EPR26492-84] - BSA and Azide free

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Rabbit Recombinant Monoclonal CGAS antibody. Carrier free. Suitable for WB, ICC/IF, Flow Cyt (Intra) and reacts with Human samples.

View Alternative Names

C6orf150, MB21D1, CGAS, Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase, cGAMP synthase, cGAS, h-cGAS, 2'3'-cGAMP synthase, Mab-21 domain-containing protein 1

8 Images
Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence - Anti-cGAS antibody [EPR26492-84] - BSA and Azide free (AB302618)
  • ICC/IF

Supplier Data

Immunocytochemistry/ Immunofluorescence - Anti-cGAS antibody [EPR26492-84] - BSA and Azide free (AB302618)

This data was developed using ab302617, the same antibody clone in a different buffer formulation. Immunofluorescent analysis of 4% Paraformaldehyde-fixed, 0.1% TritonX-100 permeabilized No-GFP-CD16.NK-92 (human lymphoblast natural killer cell; nk cell) cells labelling cGAS with ab302617 at 1/50 (10.0 ug/ml) dilution, followed by ab150081 Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) preadsorbed antibody at 1/1000 2ug/mL dilution (Green). Confocal image showing cytoplasmic and membranous staining in No-GFP-CD16.NK-92 cell lineNegative control : HCT 116 (PMID : 33790360) is observed. was used to counterstain tubulin at 1/200 2.5 dilution (Red). The Nuclear counterstain was DAPI (Blue). Secondary antibody only control : Secondary antibody is ab150081 Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (Alexa Fluor® 488) preadsorbed at 1/1000 2ug/mL dilution.

Flow Cytometry (Intracellular) - Anti-cGAS antibody [EPR26492-84] - BSA and Azide free (AB302618)
  • Flow Cyt (Intra)

Supplier Data

Flow Cytometry (Intracellular) - Anti-cGAS antibody [EPR26492-84] - BSA and Azide free (AB302618)

This data was developed using ab302617, the same antibody clone in a different buffer formulation. Flow cytometric analysis of 4% paraformaldehyde fixed 90% methanol permeabilized HCT 116 (human colorectal carcinoma epithelial cell, Left) / No-GFP-CD16.NK-92 (human malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphoma natural killer cell, Right) cells labelling cGAS with ab302617 at 1/500 dilution (0.1ug) (Red) (Red) compared with a Rabbit monoclonal IgG (ab172730) (Black) isotype control and an unlabelled control (cells without incubation with primary antibody and secondary antibody) (Blue). A Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (Alexa Fluor® 488, ab150081) at 1/2000 dilution was used as the secondary antibody. Negative control : HCT 116 (PMID : 33790360)

Flow Cytometry (Intracellular) - Anti-cGAS antibody [EPR26492-84] - BSA and Azide free (AB302618)
  • Flow Cyt (Intra)

Supplier Data

Flow Cytometry (Intracellular) - Anti-cGAS antibody [EPR26492-84] - BSA and Azide free (AB302618)

This data was developed using ab302617, the same antibody clone in a different buffer formulation. Flow cytometric analysis of 4% paraformaldehyde fixed 90% methanol permeabilized HT-29 (Human colorectal adenocarcinoma epithelial cell) cells labelling cGAS with ab302617 at 1/500 dilution (0.1ug) (Red) (Red) compared with a Rabbit monoclonal IgG (ab172730) (Black) isotype control and an unlabelled control (cells without incubation with primary antibody and secondary antibody) (Blue). A Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (Alexa Fluor® 488, ab150081) at 1/2000 dilution was used as the secondary antibody.

Flow Cytometry (Intracellular) - Anti-cGAS antibody [EPR26492-84] - BSA and Azide free (AB302618)
  • Flow Cyt (Intra)

Supplier Data

Flow Cytometry (Intracellular) - Anti-cGAS antibody [EPR26492-84] - BSA and Azide free (AB302618)

This data was developed using ab302617, the same antibody clone in a different buffer formulation. Flow cytometric analysis of 4% paraformaldehyde fixed 90% methanol permeabilized MCF7 (human breast adenocarcinoma epithelial cell) cells labelling cGAS with ab302617 at 1/500 dilution (0.1ug) (Red) (Red) compared with a Rabbit monoclonal IgG (ab172730) (Black) isotype control and an unlabelled control (cells without incubation with primary antibody and secondary antibody) (Blue). A Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG (Alexa Fluor® 488, ab150081) at 1/2000 dilution was used as the secondary antibody.

Western blot - Anti-cGAS antibody [EPR26492-84] - BSA and Azide free (AB302618)
  • WB

Supplier Data

Western blot - Anti-cGAS antibody [EPR26492-84] - BSA and Azide free (AB302618)

This data was developed using ab302617, the same antibody clone in a different buffer Blocking and diluting buffer and concentration : 5% NFDM/TBST Negative control : HCT 116 (PMID : 33790360) HT-29 lysate was freshly made and used for Western blotting immediately to minimize protein degradation. The bands between 40 kDa and 23 kDa are likely to be degraded target fragments. Exposure time : 26 seconds

All lanes:

Western blot - Anti-cGAS antibody [EPR26492-84] (<a href='/en-us/products/primary-antibodies/cgas-antibody-epr26492-84-ab302617'>ab302617</a>) at 1/1000 dilution

Lane 1:

HT-29 (human colorectal adenocarcinoma epithelial cell), whole cell lysate 20 µg

Lane 2:

HCT 116 (human colorectal carcinoma epithelial cell), whole cell lysate 20 µg

Secondary

All lanes:

Western blot - Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) (<a href='/en-us/products/secondary-antibodies/goat-rabbit-igg-h-l-hrp-ab97051'>ab97051</a>) at 1/20000 dilution

Observed band size: 62 kDa

false

Exposure time: 26s

Western blot - Anti-cGAS antibody [EPR26492-84] - BSA and Azide free (AB302618)
  • WB

Supplier Data

Western blot - Anti-cGAS antibody [EPR26492-84] - BSA and Azide free (AB302618)

This data was developed using ab302617, the same antibody clone in a different buffer Blocking and diluting buffer and concentration : 5% NFDM/TBST Lysate was freshly made and used for Western blotting immediately to minimize protein degradation. The identity of the bands above 250 kDa are unknown. Exposure time : 37 seconds

All lanes:

Western blot - Anti-cGAS antibody [EPR26492-84] (<a href='/en-us/products/primary-antibodies/cgas-antibody-epr26492-84-ab302617'>ab302617</a>) at 1/1000 dilution

All lanes:

Hela (human cervix adenocarcinoma epithelial cell), whole cell lysate 20 µg

Secondary

All lanes:

Western blot - Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) (<a href='/en-us/products/secondary-antibodies/goat-rabbit-igg-h-l-hrp-ab97051'>ab97051</a>) at 1/50000 dilution

Observed band size: 62 kDa

false

Exposure time: 37s

Western blot - Anti-cGAS antibody [EPR26492-84] - BSA and Azide free (AB302618)
  • WB

Supplier Data

Western blot - Anti-cGAS antibody [EPR26492-84] - BSA and Azide free (AB302618)

This data was developed using ab302617, the same antibody clone in a different buffer Blocking and diluting buffer and concentration : 5% NFDM/TBST Lysate was freshly made and used for Western blotting immediately to minimize protein degradation. The identity of the higher MW band at approximately 250 kDa is unknown. Exposure time : 15 seconds

All lanes:

Western blot - Anti-cGAS antibody [EPR26492-84] (<a href='/en-us/products/primary-antibodies/cgas-antibody-epr26492-84-ab302617'>ab302617</a>) at 1/1000 dilution

All lanes:

No-GFP-CD16.NK-92 (human malignant non-Hodgkins lymphoma natural killer cell), whole cell lysate 20 µg

Secondary

All lanes:

Western blot - Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) (<a href='/en-us/products/secondary-antibodies/goat-rabbit-igg-h-l-hrp-ab97051'>ab97051</a>) at 1/50000 dilution

Observed band size: 62 kDa

false

Exposure time: 15s

Western blot - Anti-cGAS antibody [EPR26492-84] - BSA and Azide free (AB302618)
  • WB

Supplier Data

Western blot - Anti-cGAS antibody [EPR26492-84] - BSA and Azide free (AB302618)

This data was developed using ab302617, the same antibody clone in a different buffer Blocking and diluting buffer and concentration : 5% NFDM/TBST Lysate was freshly made and used for Western blotting immediately to minimize protein degradation. The band beneath the target band (23 kDa) is likely to be degraded target fragment. Exposure time : 59 seconds

All lanes:

Western blot - Anti-cGAS antibody [EPR26492-84] (<a href='/en-us/products/primary-antibodies/cgas-antibody-epr26492-84-ab302617'>ab302617</a>) at 1/1000 dilution

All lanes:

MCF-7 (human breast adenocarcinoma epithelial cell), whole cell lysate 20 µg

Secondary

All lanes:

Western blot - Goat Anti-Rabbit IgG H&L (HRP) (<a href='/en-us/products/secondary-antibodies/goat-rabbit-igg-h-l-hrp-ab97051'>ab97051</a>) at 1/20000 dilution

Observed band size: 62 kDa

false

Exposure time: 59s

Key facts

Host species

Rabbit

Clonality

Monoclonal

Clone number

EPR26492-84

Isotype

IgG

Carrier free

Yes

Reacts with

Human

Applications

Flow Cyt (Intra), WB, ICC/IF

applications

Immunogen

The exact immunogen used to generate this antibody is proprietary information.

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Reactivity data

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Product details

Want a custom formulation?
This antibody clone is manufactured by Abcam. If you require a custom buffer formulation or conjugation for your experiments, please contact orders@abcam.com

Patented technology
Our RabMAb® technology is a patented hybridoma-based technology for making rabbit monoclonal antibodies. For details on our patents, please refer to RabMAb® patents.

Conjugation ready
Our carrier-free antibodies are typically supplied in a PBS-only formulation, purified and free of BSA, sodium azide and glycerol. This conjugation-ready format is designed for use with fluorochromes, metal isotopes, oligonucleotides, and enzymes, which makes them ideal for antibody labelling, functional and cell-based assays, flow-based assays (e.g. mass cytometry) and Multiplex Imaging applications.

Use our conjugation kits for antibody conjugates that are ready-to-use in as little as 20 minutes with 1 minute hands-on-time and 100% antibody recovery: available for fluorescent dyes, HRP, biotin and gold.

Compatibility
This product is compatible with the Maxpar® Antibody Labeling Kit from Fluidigm, without the need for antibody preparation. Maxpar® is a trademark of Fluidigm Canada Inc.

What are the advantages of a recombinant monoclonal antibody?
This product is a recombinant monoclonal antibody, which offers several advantages including:

  • - High batch-to-batch consistency and reproducibility
  • - Improved sensitivity and specificity
  • - Long-term security of supply
  • - Animal-free batch production

For more information, read more on recombinant antibodies.

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Properties and storage information

Form
Liquid
Purification technique
Affinity purification Protein A
Storage buffer
pH: 7.2 - 7.4 Constituents: PBS
Shipped at conditions
Blue Ice
Appropriate short-term storage conditions
+4°C
Appropriate long-term storage conditions
+4°C
Storage information
Do Not Freeze
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Supplementary information

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

The cyclic GMP-AMP synthase commonly referred to as cGAS functions as an enzyme that detects cytosolic DNA. It has a molecular weight of 50 kDa. This protein is widely expressed in various cell types with high expression in cells exposed to foreign DNA such as immune cells. cGAS acts by binding to cytosolic DNA which leads to the production of the secondary messenger cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP). This action is critical for initiating innate immune responses against viral infections and cellular stress.
Biological function summary

CGAS plays a fundamental role in the immune response by activating the STING pathway. cGAS when bound to DNA forms a complex with DNA as part of its mechanistic function which then catalyzes the synthesis of cGAMP. The cGAMP produced acts as a signaling molecule that activates the STING protein leading to subsequent immune signaling cascades. This activation results in the production of type I interferons and other inflammatory cytokines essential for mounting an effective antiviral response.

Pathways

CGAS operates within important signaling pathways such as the cGAS-STING pathway and the type I interferon pathway. This protein works closely with STING located on the endoplasmic reticulum as a direct effector. The connection between cGAS and STING is important in detecting and responding to cytosolic DNA and initiating immune signaling leading to activation of downstream transcription factors like IRF3 and NF-kB which promote gene expression driving immune responses.

CGAS links to autoimmune diseases and cancer. Aberrant cGAS activity can lead to inappropriate immune activation contributing to autoimmune disorders such as lupus where the body attacks its own cells. In the case of cancer cGAS can play dual roles either promoting an immune response against tumors or contributing to an environment where cancer can evade immune detection. The relation between cGAS and diseases also involves STING as disruptions in this pathway can lead to alterations in immune surveillance and inflammation.
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Product protocols

For this product, it's our understanding that no specific protocols are required. You can visit:
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Target data

Nucleotidyltransferase that catalyzes the formation of cyclic GMP-AMP (2',3'-cGAMP) from ATP and GTP and plays a key role in innate immunity (PubMed : 21478870, PubMed : 23258413, PubMed : 23707061, PubMed : 23707065, PubMed : 23722159, PubMed : 24077100, PubMed : 24116191, PubMed : 24462292, PubMed : 25131990, PubMed : 26300263, PubMed : 29976794, PubMed : 30799039, PubMed : 31142647, PubMed : 32814054, PubMed : 33273464, PubMed : 33542149, PubMed : 37217469, PubMed : 37802025). Catalysis involves both the formation of a 2',5' phosphodiester linkage at the GpA step and the formation of a 3',5' phosphodiester linkage at the ApG step, producing c[G(2',5')pA(3',5')p] (PubMed : 28214358, PubMed : 28363908). Acts as a key DNA sensor : directly binds double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), inducing the formation of liquid-like droplets in which CGAS is activated, leading to synthesis of 2',3'-cGAMP, a second messenger that binds to and activates STING1, thereby triggering type-I interferon production (PubMed : 28314590, PubMed : 28363908, PubMed : 29976794, PubMed : 32817552, PubMed : 33230297, PubMed : 33606975, PubMed : 35322803, PubMed : 35438208, PubMed : 35460603, PubMed : 35503863). Preferentially recognizes and binds curved long dsDNAs of a minimal length of 40 bp (PubMed : 30007416). Acts as a key foreign DNA sensor, the presence of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) in the cytoplasm being a danger signal that triggers the immune responses (PubMed : 28363908). Has antiviral activity by sensing the presence of dsDNA from DNA viruses in the cytoplasm (PubMed : 28363908). Also acts as an innate immune sensor of infection by retroviruses, such as HIV-2, by detecting the presence of reverse-transcribed DNA in the cytosol (PubMed : 23929945, PubMed : 24269171, PubMed : 30270045, PubMed : 32852081). In contrast, HIV-1 is poorly sensed by CGAS, due to its capsid that cloaks viral DNA from CGAS detection (PubMed : 24269171, PubMed : 30270045, PubMed : 32852081). Detection of retroviral reverse-transcribed DNA in the cytosol may be indirect and be mediated via interaction with PQBP1, which directly binds reverse-transcribed retroviral DNA (PubMed : 26046437). Also detects the presence of DNA from bacteria, such as M.tuberculosis (PubMed : 26048138). 2',3'-cGAMP can be transferred from producing cells to neighboring cells through gap junctions, leading to promote STING1 activation and convey immune response to connecting cells (PubMed : 24077100). 2',3'-cGAMP can also be transferred between cells by virtue of packaging within viral particles contributing to IFN-induction in newly infected cells in a cGAS-independent but STING1-dependent manner (PubMed : 26229115). Also senses the presence of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) that are translocated to the cytosol following phagocytosis, leading to synthesis of 2',3'-cGAMP (PubMed : 33688080). In addition to foreign DNA, can also be activated by endogenous nuclear or mitochondrial DNA (PubMed : 28738408, PubMed : 28759889, PubMed : 31299200, PubMed : 33031745, PubMed : 33230297). When self-DNA leaks into the cytosol during cellular stress (such as mitochondrial stress, SARS-CoV-2 infection causing severe COVID-19 disease, DNA damage, mitotic arrest or senescence), or is present in form of cytosolic micronuclei, CGAS is activated leading to a state of sterile inflammation (PubMed : 28738408, PubMed : 28759889, PubMed : 31299200, PubMed : 33031745, PubMed : 33230297, PubMed : 35045565). Acts as a regulator of cellular senescence by binding to cytosolic chromatin fragments that are present in senescent cells, leading to trigger type-I interferon production via STING1 and promote cellular senescence (By similarity). Also involved in the inflammatory response to genome instability and double-stranded DNA breaks : acts by localizing to micronuclei arising from genome instability (PubMed : 28738408, PubMed : 28759889). Micronuclei, which are frequently found in cancer cells, consist of chromatin surrounded by their own nuclear membrane : following breakdown of the micronuclear envelope, a process associated with chromothripsis, CGAS binds self-DNA exposed to the cytosol, leading to 2',3'-cGAMP synthesis and subsequent activation of STING1 and type-I interferon production (PubMed : 28738408, PubMed : 28759889). Activated in response to prolonged mitotic arrest, promoting mitotic cell death (PubMed : 31299200). In a healthy cell, CGAS is however kept inactive even in cellular events that directly expose it to self-DNA, such as mitosis, when cGAS associates with chromatin directly after nuclear envelope breakdown or remains in the form of postmitotic persistent nuclear cGAS pools bound to chromatin (PubMed : 31299200, PubMed : 33542149). Nuclear CGAS is inactivated by chromatin via direct interaction with nucleosomes, which block CGAS from DNA binding and thus prevent CGAS-induced autoimmunity (PubMed : 31299200, PubMed : 32911482, PubMed : 32912999, PubMed : 33051594, PubMed : 33542149). Also acts as a suppressor of DNA repair in response to DNA damage : inhibits homologous recombination repair by interacting with PARP1, the CGAS-PARP1 interaction leading to impede the formation of the PARP1-TIMELESS complex (PubMed : 30356214, PubMed : 31544964). In addition to DNA, also sense translation stress : in response to translation stress, translocates to the cytosol and associates with collided ribosomes, promoting its activation and triggering type-I interferon production (PubMed : 34111399). In contrast to other mammals, human CGAS displays species-specific mechanisms of DNA recognition and produces less 2',3'-cGAMP, allowing a more fine-tuned response to pathogens (PubMed : 30007416).
See full target information CGAS
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