Anti-Complement C8 antibody [EPR23646-22]

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

The Complement C8 protein plays an important role in the immune response specifically as a component of the membrane attack complex (MAC). Known also simply as C8 it is composed of three subunits: C8α C8β and C8γ with a combined molecular mass of approximately 151 kDa. C8 is synthesized primarily by liver hepatocytes but its expression occurs in several other tissues such as monocytes and macrophages highlighting its significance in immune surveillance.

Biological function summary

The membrane attack complex is a pivotal element of the complement system where Complement C8 serves as a final assembly participant. It collaborates with other proteins such as C5b C6 and C7 to penetrate and lyse target cell membranes protecting the host against pathogenic invaders. C8 forms part of a larger complement cascade which activates sequentially ensuring swift response to microbial threats. This process highlights its relevance in innate immunity.

Pathways

Several significant biological processes involve Complement C8. The complement system and the coagulation pathway both rely on this protein's function. Within these pathways C8 associates closely with proteins such as C9 in forming the lytic pore of the MAC and C3b which facilitates the opsonization and clearance of pathogens. These collaborative actions support efficient immune defense and maintain homeostatic balance within the bloodstream.

Associated diseases and disorders

Complement system dysregulation can link to immune complex diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH). In SLE improper complement activation possibly involving Complement C8 may lead to the formation of immune complexes that cause inflammation and tissue damage. In PNH the lack of complement inhibitory proteins results in red blood cell destruction where the unregulated MAC formation involving C8 plays a part in the hemolytic process. Understanding these connections helps unravel the complex roles that Complement C8 has in disease pathogenesis.