Anti-Connexin 43 / GJA1 antibody

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

Connexin 43 also known as GJA1 is a protein that plays an important role in cell communication through gap junctions. It has a molecular weight of approximately 43 kDa. Connexin 43 gets expressed in various tissues including the heart and brain where it facilitates cellular signaling. This protein integrates into cell membranes to form gap junction channels allowing direct transfer of ions and small molecules between adjacent cells. Researchers often use techniques such as Western blot to detect Connexin 43 expression levels in studies of cellular communications.

Biological function summary

This protein facilitates electrical and chemical coupling between cells by forming intercellular channels. These channels arise from the assembly of six Connexin 43 subunits into hemichannels which dock with hemichannels on neighboring cells. This protein has a critical component in the cardiac and neural tissues where rapid communication is essential for proper function. Connexin 43 engages in complex assemblies with other connexins enhancing its role in synchronizing cell activities.

Pathways

Connexin 43 significantly influences signal transduction processes. It acts within the MAPK signaling pathway which impacts cellular responses such as growth and differentiation. Additionally this protein plays a role in calcium signaling a pathway important for muscle contraction and neurotransmitter release. Interacting proteins like Connexin 30 and Connexin 45 further regulate these pathways affecting the amplitude and duration of signaling.

Associated diseases and disorders

Connexin 43 has been linked to cardiac arrhythmias and some forms of cancer. Mutations or altered expression of Connexin 43 can disrupt the electrical conduction in cardiac tissue leading to arrhythmogenic conditions. Research suggests an association with proteins like ZO-1 and Connexin 37 which may affect cell proliferation and migration in cancerous tissues. Understanding these connections highlights Connexin 43's potential as a target for therapeutic interventions in related diseases.