Anti-CYB5R1 antibody

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

CYB5R1 also known as NADH-cytochrome b5 reductase is an enzyme that plays an important role in electron transfer. It has a molecular mass of approximately 34 kDa and is found in various tissues like liver and erythrocytes. The enzyme exists in different forms within the cell both membrane-bound and soluble which contribute to its diverse functionality. It catalyzes the reduction of cytochrome b5 using NADH as an electron donor acting as a component of the electron transport chain that facilitates different metabolic processes.

Biological function summary

CYB5R1 participates in lipid metabolism and drug metabolism processes. This enzyme works in concert with cytochrome b5 enhancing metabolic activities involving fatty acid desaturation and elongation. It interacts with a wide array of substrates functioning in critical cellular mechanisms including the reduction of methemoglobin to hemoglobin. Although it does not typically form large complexes CYB5R1's activity is essential for maintaining cellular redox balance.

Pathways

CYB5R1 is involved in pathways such as the electron transport chain and fatty acid metabolism. Its activity influences the proper functioning of the electron transfer system by modulating electron transfer to cytochrome b5 which then influences enzymes like fatty acid desaturase. This modulation helps maintain lipid composition within cellular membranes and contributes to energy production in mitochondria.

Associated diseases and disorders

CYB5R1 has implications in methemoglobinemia and cancer. Mutations or malfunctions in CYB5R1 can lead to an inability to effectively reduce methemoglobin resulting in methemoglobinemia where hemoglobin cannot carry oxygen efficiently. The enzyme's role in drug metabolism also links it to certain cancer types as alterations in its activity can affect drug efficacy and resistance. Its relationships with proteins like cytochrome P450 highlight CYB5R1’s significance in drug metabolism-related disorders.