Anti-Cystatin SA/CST2 antibody [MM0233- 5M60]

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

Cystatin SA also known as CST2 is a member of the cystatin superfamily which are cysteine protease inhibitors. It has a molecular mass of approximately 16 kilodaltons. This protein is expressed mainly in the human saliva and tears where it helps to protect the oral cavity and ocular surface by inhibiting protease activity. The primary role of Cystatin SA is to bind tightly to its target cysteine proteases preventing them from degrading proteins in these sensitive tissues.

Biological function summary

Cystatin SA plays an important role in maintaining tissue integrity and homeostasis. It is not known to be part of a complex but operates individually to inhibit cysteine proteases like cathepsin B H and L. By controlling the proteolytic activities of these enzymes Cystatin SA helps to prevent excessive tissue breakdown and inflammation which contributes to the preservation of mucosal barriers in the body.

Pathways

Cystatin SA's inhibitory action plays a significant role in proteolysis and inflammation pathways. One important pathway involves cathepsins which are targeted by Cystatin SA to modulate their activity. Another related pathway includes tissue remodeling where Cystatin SA helps regulate protease activities to maintain structural balance. Both these pathways emphasize its interaction with similar cystatins such as Cystatin C in modulating protease activities to protect tissues.

Associated diseases and disorders

Cystatin SA has been implicated in conditions such as periodontitis and dry eye syndrome. In periodontitis altered Cystatin SA levels can affect the proteolytic balance contributing to tissue destruction and inflammation. For dry eye syndrome its role in protecting ocular surfaces brings it into focus as a protective factor. Changes in Cystatin SA expression are often correlated with such conditions and it connects with other proteins like cathepsin L which is involved in tissue damage in these disorders.