Anti-Cytochrome b5 antibody

Supplementary info

This supplementary information is collated from multiple sources and compiled automatically.

Activity summary

Cytochrome b5 also known as CYB5A is a small hemoprotein with a molecular mass of approximately 16.7 kDa. It plays a role as electron carrier for various oxidative reactions involving oxygenases and reductases. This protein exists in two soluble forms: a microsomal form found in the endoplasmic reticulum and a mitochondrial form located in the outer mitochondrial membrane. Cytochrome b5 is expressed in many tissues including liver kidney and skin where it assists in metabolic processes.

Biological function summary

The functions of Cytochrome b5 include participation in fatty acid desaturation and elongation as well as cholesterol and steroid synthesis. It interacts with various enzyme systems including the cytochrome P450 enzyme complex acting as an electron donor in these biosynthetic pathways. Cytochrome b5 contributes to the regulation of these processes ensuring proper lipid composition in cellular membranes.

Pathways

Cytochrome b5 contributes to the electron transport chain and xenobiotic metabolism pathways. In the electron transport chain it collaborates with Cytochrome P450 to facilitate monooxygenase reactions essential for metabolizing drugs and detoxification processes. Additionally Cytochrome b5 affects fatty acid metabolism by introducing double bonds into fatty acid chains interacting with stearoyl-CoA desaturase.

Associated diseases and disorders

Cytochrome b5 plays a role in hereditary methemoglobinemia and some cases of androgen insensitivity syndrome. Mutations affecting Cytochrome b5 can disrupt electron transfer leading to elevated levels of methemoglobin and compromised oxygen delivery. In androgen insensitivity syndrome defects in the electron transfer process with other proteins like Cytochrome P450 can affect steroid metabolism and hormonal balance.